Executive Intelligence Review, Volume 47, Number 48, November 27, 2020

- Cover

- Masthead

- Resolution For a Worldwide Resistance to Global Fascism: Stop the Central Bank Takeover

- PDF edition Table of Contents — Volume 47, Number 48, November 27, 2020

- I. America’s Food for Peace, and Famine in Africa

- Cusa’s ‘Coincidence of Opposites’ And the American Presidency by Dennis Speed

- Ike’s Food for Peace: The ‘Paradox’ of Hunger While Food Surplus Exists by Marcia Merry Baker

- HELGA ZEPP-LAROUCHE’S CALL The Committee for the Coincidence of Opposites (Coincidentia Oppositorum) To Offer Solutions Through a New Global Health Initiative by Helga Zepp-LaRouche, Founder and Chair, the Schiller Institute

- What Action Is the Committee Taking?

- Now, the U.S. and Europe Must Join in China’s New Silk Road, To Fight The Hunger Catastrophe in Africa by Hussein Askary

- Gandhi’s Vision for a New Paradigm in International Relations, a World Health System, and Direct Non-Violent Action In Times of Social Breakdown by Helga Zepp-LaRouche, President, International Schiller Institute

- II. The Presidency

- Lord Malloch-Brown: Another British Crown Coup-Maker Behind U.S. Vote Fraud by Gretchen Small

- Pulling Mankind Onward and Upward in Space by Michael James Carr

- The Deeper Grounds for Philosophical Doubts Respecting the Existence of ‘Joe Biden’ by Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. (1987)

- EDITORIAL The Fed Would Rather Reign in Hell, Than Serve the President by Paul Gallagher

A Truthful Election

Founder: Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. (1922–2019)

Editor-in-Chief: Helga Zepp-LaRouche

Co-Editors: Marcia Merry Baker, Michael Billington, Stephanie Ezrol, Paul Gallagher

Managing Editor: Stephanie Ezrol

Editorial Staff: David Cherry, Charles Notley

Technology: Marsha Freeman

Transcriptions: Katherine Notley

Ebooks: Richard Burden

Graphics: Alan Yue

Photos: Stuart Lewis

Circulation Manager: Stanley Ezrol

INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORS

Asia: Michael Billington

Economics: Marcia Merry Baker, Paul Gallagher

History: Anton Chaitkin

Ibero-America: Dennis Small

United States: Debra Freeman

INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS

Berlin: Elke Fimmen

Copenhagen: Tom Gillesberg

Lima: Sara Madueño

Melbourne: Robert Barwick

Mexico City: Gerardo Castilleja Chávez

New Delhi: Ramtanu Maitra

Paris: Christine Bierre

Stockholm: Ulf Sandmark

United Nations, N.Y.C.: Richard Black, Leni Rubinstein

Washington, D.C.: William Jones

Wiesbaden: Rainer Apel

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Resolution

For a Worldwide Resistance

To Global Fascism:

Stop the Central Bank Takeover

This call by Helga Zepp-LaRouche was issued as a resolution by the Schiller Institute, on November 19.

Seventy-five years after the end of World War II, the world is threatened with a new fascist dictatorship. It comes, this time, in the form of an attempt by the City of London, Wall Street, and various leading central banks to consolidate total control over all financial investments for the benefit of the super-rich at the expense of the middle-classes and the poor worldwide. The “ecological transition” they peddle signifies a destructive financial takeover of economies, with the “green” color being but the banner of their purpose to loot.

They call it the “Great Reset.” Under the pretext of rebuilding the world economy after the COVID-19 pandemic, the top private bankers and billionaires intend to implement a “regime change,” whereby monetary and fiscal policy is no longer to be decided by elected governments, but by the private central banks and leading financial players directly. In this final phase of the decades-long neo-Malthusian policy in favor of speculators, they would consolidate ultimate control over all investments and channel them entirely into “green technologies,” thus cutting off all investment in the productive sectors of high-tech energy, industry, agriculture and infrastructure.

If this scheme, promoted by the World Economic Forum with a series of “Great Reset” conferences, succeeds, it will mean the end of the industrialized nations of the so-called advanced sector, and the death of literally millions, and then billions, of people in the developing countries. There is a direct relationship between the productivity of an economy, including the energy-flux density of its productive processes, and the number of human beings that it can sustain. If the entire world economy is “decarbonized,” in what Hans Joachim Schellnhuber and his associates already years ago called the “Great Transformation of the World Economy,” including the exit from nuclear energy and nuclear research, then the number of people who can be sustained will scarcely be more than one billion. What about the other seven billion? This approach, if not reversed, can only lead to chaos and a new world war.

An integral part of the “Great Reset” is the plan to introduce the digitization of currencies and cryptocurrencies. This shift would allow the total surveillance of all personal data in any field of economic activity, completing what is already ongoing with the surveillance by the NSA and GCHQ.

If society continues to operate for the benefit of a privileged financial elite, this digitization of currencies will be used to devalue the accumulated, unpayable debt through write-downs and inflation, such as happened in Germany in 1923. The people and the productive economy itself will be looted. The digitization of currencies can only find useful applications if society is oriented toward the benefit of the common good.

The present effort to establish total control over monetary and fiscal policy, by giving control to the central banks in the framework of the “Great Reset” and imposing a Green New Deal, is based on the same fascist principles as the policy of Hitler’s President of the Reichsbank, Hjalmar Schacht, and must be absolutely rejected.

WE DEMAND:

• A global Glass-Steagall banking separation, to end all support for the speculative, investment bank sector and the shutting down of the shadow economy;

• The re-establishment of sovereignty over national currencies;

• The creation of a national bank in every country, and the return of credit creation to sovereign governments;

• The creation of a new credit system in the tradition of the original intention of Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s Bretton Woods System and of the Non-Aligned Countries in the 1976 Colombo Conference. The primary aim is to increase the living standards of every human being on the planet as the precondition for peace, and to overcome all current challenges, such as the pandemic, world famine, and poverty.

• A massive increase in productivity by moving toward new economic platforms based on the commercial use of thermonuclear fusion power and international cooperation in space research and travel.

The fundamental opposition determining our future and that of the generations to come is between a mass surveillance society under the rule of green fascist finance, and a world of detente, entente, and cooperation among all peoples and nations, in the way all humanists have posed the challenge and continue to demand today. We are committed to fighting for it.

This text is being circulated internationally, and readers are called upon to sign it. In 1945, all those who had just lived through fascism and world war said clearly: “Never again!” We are now at the hour of decision: Have we learned anything from history, or are we more immoral than our forefathers?

Click here to add your name to this resolution.

EIR Contents

www.larouchepub.com — Volume 47, Number 48, November 27, 2020

Cover This Week

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A TRUTHFUL ELECTION

2 RESOLUTION

For a Worldwide Resistance to Global Fascism: Stop the Central Bank Takeover!

I. AMERICA’S FOOD FOR PEACE, AND FAMINE IN AFRICA

5 Cusa’s ‘Coincidence of Opposites’ and the American Presidency

by Dennis Speed

7 Ike’s Food for Peace: the ‘Paradox’ of Hunger While Food Surplus Exists

by Marcia Merry Baker

9 HELGA ZEPP-LAROUCHE’S CALL

The Committee for the Coincidence of Opposites (Coincidentia Oppositorum)

To Offer Solutions Through a New Global Health System

by Helga Zepp-LaRouche

13 A MILITARY SUGGESTION

What Action Is the Committee Taking?

14 Now, the U.S. and Europe Must Join in China’s New Silk Road, To Fight the Hunger Catastrophe in Africa

by Hussein Askary

20 Gandhi’s Vision for a New Paradigm in International Relations, a World Health System, and Direct Non-Violent Action in Times of Social Breakdown

by Helga Zepp-LaRouche

II. THE PRESIDENCY

30 Lord Malloch-Brown: Another British Crown Coup-Maker Behind U.S. Vote Fraud

by Gretchen Small

37 Pulling Mankind Onward and Upward in Space

by Michael James Carr

42 The Deeper Grounds for Philosophical Doubts Respecting the Existence of ‘Joe Biden’

by Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr.

September 28, 1987

54 EDITORIAL

The Fed Would Rather Reign in Hell, than Serve the President

by Paul Gallagher

Note to the Reader: Part 2 of David Shavin’s article “Think Like Beethoven: Fidelio, Lafayette and LaRouche—or the Big Elephant in the Room” will appear in our December 3 issue. Part 1 of the article appeared in our November 12 issue.

I. America’s Food for Peace, and Famine in Africa

Cusa’s ‘Coincidence of Opposites’

And the American Presidency

by Dennis Speed

Nicholas of Cusa (1401-1464)

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Nov. 22—The world awaits the impending verdict as to whether the United States will survive the present crisis surrounding the American Presidency. Though that crisis occurs in the guise of the November 2020 elections, that is but its form. Its substance is: Does the elected President, or an unelected shadow government, speak on behalf of, and implement policy for the United States?

Electronic manipulation of the vote, utilizing sophisticated programming techniques pioneered two decades ago to change the outcome of elections in nations throughout the world (known as “Project Democracy,” among other names), was this time deployed, it is contended, in the United States itself. This was done against the impeached, but not ousted, President Donald Trump. These actions are probably being carried out by the very same forces that oppose Trump’s attempts to end American involvement in senselessly extended wars and conflict zones around the planet—what the President referred to in a Labor Day speech as “the military-industrial complex” that “loves wars.” Of course, British footprints were found, in the co-ownership of the Smartmatic voting machine company by Lord Mark Malloch “Moloch” Brown, a close business associate of George Soros and himself a prime instigator of “color revolutions” going back to 1986.

While this battle rages on, however, the reality of the increasing physical breakdown of the world’s economies, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, does not wait. New lockdowns are being announced throughout the entire trans-Atlantic sector. An impending catastrophe expresses itself most clearly in the threat that as many as 30 million people are in immediate danger of death by starvation, plus deaths caused by COVID-19, in the next three to six months. Already, more than 7 million have died, largely on the African continent, as of this writing, and that over just the past several months.

If the American Presidency, fortified by the image of the Presidency of 75 years ago—the wartime Presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt—were to launch an “Against World Hunger, For World Health” campaign, through a combination of the World Food Program headed by David Beasley and a coalition of Russia, China, India, and many other nations, a new optimism would quickly spread throughout the planet, including the United States electorate.

A retired American general who has recently endorsed Helga Zepp-LaRouche’s Call for the Formation of a Committee for the Coincidence of Opposites has proposed that the newest medical advancements in vaccinations be shared with all nations. He has proposed that the formidable logistical capabilities of the American, Russian, and Chinese militaries could deliver food, prevent spoilage, and supply clean water, power, and transportation where necessary, to achieve, in the short months ahead, the maximum preservation of human life, as well as provide the conditions for durable survival for tens of millions on the borderline of existence.

Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa (1402-1463), who used the idea of the coincidence of opposites (“Coincidentia Oppositorum”) to successfully, if briefly, bridge the contentious gap between the Western and Eastern Christian Churches, most notably at the 1439 Council of Florence, is the inspiration for this committee. Perpetual war, a “lose-lose” prospect, cannot be in the interest of any country, and is anathema to the very nature of the mission of the United States, as President Trump knows and believes. The advocates of perpetual war have used the Russiagate hoax for the past four years to prevent joint action between Russia and the United States—and China and the United States—to end war, and have, instead, successfully inflamed the world’s diplomatic situation, largely through the “almost human” antics of Secretaries of State John Bolton and Mike Pompeo, formerly of CIA.

If the United States, through its newly reorganized Department of Defense, pulls troops out of Southwest Asia, collaborates with Russia and China in ending world starvation, and jointly deploys breakthrough medical advances, cheaply, in a two-phased implementation of Operation Warp Speed intended to treat, where necessary, all of the world’s people endangered not only by COVID-19, but other possible mutations, then the world image of the American Presidency—leading the world in the way that FDR successfully led it to victory for all humanity 75 years ago—will be restored. A positive resolution of the present American constitutional crisis will be far more readily achieved, as such a “higher unity” transcends the opposites that only seem to divide an inescapably unified human race.

That campaign for a higher unity, worldwide, to end the triple plagues of war, hunger, and COVID, if launched as an initiative from the Oval Office, will reveal, as the electoral dispute continues, the true reason why the American Presidency has been criminally undermined by a treasonous faction inside the nation colluding with the Foreign Office of British Intelligence, for the past four years, and more.

Schiller Institute International Online Conference

December 12-13

Save the Date and Register Today!

The World after the U.S. Election:

Creating a World Based on Reason

The unprecedented battle over the recent U.S. election is not only a domestic American event, but an event of the highest international strategic importance. The world must understand: This battle is the choice between World War III or peace. The two days of dialogue and deliberation will include these panel discussions:

Panel I. “Hang Together, or Hang Separately”: Free and Sovereign Republics, or Digital Dictatorship?

Panel II. Escaping the Danger of World War III: A Strategic Order Based on the Common Aims of Mankind.

Panel III. Overcoming the World Health Crisis and the Hunger Pandemic: Thinking on the Level of the Coincidentia Oppositorum.

Panel IV. A Human Future for Youth: A Beethoven-Driven Renaissance of Classical Culture.

Ike’s Food for Peace:

The ‘Paradox’ of Hunger While Food Surplus Exists

by Marcia Merry Baker

In 1954, the Food for Peace program under President Dwight Eisenhower, provided food aid from U.S. surpluses to less developed countries. Here, Eisenhower in 1942.

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Nov. 21—The world still remembers the important warning given by President Dwight Eisenhower in January 1961, as he left office, to beware the “military-industrial complex.” Just four months earlier, he spoke out equally strongly against allowing hunger to persist. In his last address to the United Nations General Assembly, in September 1960, he warned:

We must never forget that there are hundreds of millions of people, particularly in the less developed parts of the world, suffering from hunger and malnutrition, even though a number of countries, my own included, are producing food in surplus. This paradox should not be allowed to continue. [Emphasis added.]

In that speech, Eisenhower called for nations to take joint action against hunger, through the UN providing food assistance. He described how the United States was unilaterally providing food aid through its “Food for Peace” effort, established during his Administration in the 1954 “Agriculture Trade Development and Assistance Act.” But he stressed international collaboration:

The United States is already carrying out substantial programs to make its surpluses available to countries of greatest need. My country is also ready to join with other members of the United Nations in devising a workable scheme to provide food to member states through the United Nations system, relying on the advice and assistance of the Food and Agriculture Organization [created in 1945]. I hope this Assembly will seriously consider a specific program for carrying forward the promising Food for Peace Program.

Eisenhower’s proposal was actively taken up by UN planners, and in 1961, during the first year of the presidency of John F. Kennedy, the World Food Program (WFP) was initiated.

The WFP was initially seen as needed only until the time when reconstruction after WWII was accomplished, and the newly independent nations in Africa and elsewhere had built up their own economies to the point they could be food secure based on their own production. The World Food Program was expected to eventually provide emergency food relief only for weather disasters, large-scale crop failures, disease outbreaks, and the like.

It was likewise presumed that food-surplus nations had a sovereign right to support their farmers through production “management” and parity pricing (establishing farmers’ price levels sufficient to cover their costs of production and future productivity). Food output capacity was maintained for the good of the public, but surpluses were not to be used against the interests of either farmers (through low prices), or aid-recipient nations (through dumping of food onto their markets). The 1954 American law authorizing Food for Peace specifically affirmed parity price supports for U.S. farmers and ranchers (by a “flexible” 82.5-90% of parity, as a floor price) and it affirmed the Commodity Credit Corporation as the mechanism for food aid, for both domestic and foreign relief operations. These measures were seen as providing basic food security at home and worldwide.

EIRNS

By the 1980s, any progress toward food self-sufficiency that had been made in newly independent nations was reversed by the IMF, World Bank, and related institutions. In 1988 the Schiller Institute launched a Food for Peace initiative, with widespread participation of both farm and national leaders worldwide. Shown here is Lyndon LaRouche delivering the keynote address at a Food for Peace meeting in Chicago on December 20, 1988.

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Revive Food for Peace!

However, these principles and practices were all phased out over the 1990s to the present time.

The paradigm favoring national food self-sufficiency and reliability was undermined by the introduction of the world casino economy as of the 1970s, starting with the 1971 introduction of floating currency values. Production of food was increasingly financialized as just another commodity. Money, speculation, and the consolidation of cartel control determined who would produce food, who would eat, and who would not.

By the 1980s, any progress toward food self-sufficiency that had been made in young nations was reversed as the IMF, World Bank, and related institutions suppressed economic development. By the 1990s, the deadly casino economics paradigm was institutionalized through “free” trade to the point of extreme food import dependence. The only gainers are the City of London/Wall Street globalist elites. World hunger has worsened, to the point that as of 2020 one in eight people—mostly in Africa—lack sufficient food. To rally opposition to this, the Schiller Institute in 1988 launched a “Food for Peace” initiative, with widespread participation of both farm and national leaders worldwide.

In 2019, nine million people died of starvation. WFP Executive Director David Beasley has repeatedly sounded the alarm this pandemic year, pointing out in October that seven million people had already died of starvation—many more than of COVID-19. This death toll will rise, he said, to 30 millions in the coming months unless emergency resources are mustered.

Beasley, a former governor of South Carolina who was nominated for his WFP position by President Trump in 2017, co-authored an article, “We’ve Averted Famine in the Past—We Must Do It Again,” published Nov. 17 in The Times of London. He and co-author Mark Lowcock, UN Coordinator for Humanitarian Affairs, stressed there that emergency response by the WFP requires full funding in the range of $10 billion. The UN had just made available an emergency $100 million for relief in Yemen and five other nations in dire need.

The United States has maintained its support of the WFP. America is its largest donor, accounting for half of the WFP annual funding. But what is urgent from all nations, is both immediate, full response, and collaboration to end the causes of hunger. This is the paradigm shift we need. As Beasley said when he first took office, “I would like the WFP to go out of business.”

In 1948, General Eisenhower had given a famous speech about food and peace. At a Crusade for Children event, he described his post-war experience in Europe, seeing “children searching for a garbage heap, in which they find all too little of any kind of sustenance that will keep them alive. Every man here who served with me in Europe has witnessed this with his own eyes.” He called for action:

How can we expect children who are reduced almost to an animal-like level of existence, struggling each day for any kind of scrap that will keep them alive, how can we expect them to develop the ideas and the ideals that in the future will bring them to be apostles of peace?

HELGA ZEPP-LAROUCHE’S CALL

The Committee for the Coincidence of Opposites (Coincidentia Oppositorum)

To Offer Solutions Through a New Global Health Initiative

by Helga Zepp-LaRouche, Founder and Chair, the Schiller Institute

WFP/Leni Kinzli

Left: pixabay; right: WFP/Khudr Alissa

The combination of crises facing the world has reached unprecedented proportions. Here you see indications of these crises: Ethiopians flee intense fighting in their homeland (top); the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a worldwide search for a vaccine (lower left); and famine in Aleppo (lower right).

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Oct. 29—The combination of crises we are now facing has reached such unprecedented proportions that it seems to exceed the psychological limits of what is bearable. Health experts throughout the world are warning that it may take another nine months before all nations can be supplied with a vaccine—and even then, the availability is not guaranteed. In the meantime, another one million people may lose their lives due to COVID-19.

But a much greater number of lives is threatened by the famine now spreading in developing countries, as a result of the decline in agriculture, and the collapse of the so-called informal sector of the economy. Many countries are already torn apart by preexisting social tensions that the pandemic has now exacerbated. This dynamic could massively grow in the coming months.

The International Labor Organization (ILO) has reported a huge drop of 10.7% in global labor income in the first nine months of this year, which amounts to $3.5 trillion, and a loss of up to 500 million jobs by the end of the year. In the advanced economies, the bankruptcies, short hours, and layoffs that jeopardize the existence of so many, were at least temporarily attenuated by government relief programs. But most developing countries are totally unable to fund similar programs. In the so-called “lower-middle income” countries, the income loss amounted to 23.3% in the second quarter, and 15.6% in the third quarter, and the forecasts for the fourth are much more pessimistic.

Considering that more than half the population in sub-Saharan African countries did not have well-balanced and sufficient nourishment even before the outbreak of COVID-19, the news reported by Vice.com that food prices in Africa have risen by as much as 250%, is truly catastrophic. As the Executive Director of the World Food Program (WFP) David Beasley has warned for months now, a famine of “biblical proportions” threatens to kill up to 300,000 people per day. Phillip Tsokolibane, Schiller Institute collaborator in South Africa, has issued an urgent appeal for an international mobilization to fight starvation in Africa: “It is not a matter of what will happen—it is already happening.”

It is clear that faced with such a tragedy, only governments working together can implement the emergency programs needed to save the lives of many millions. However, unfortunately, the past months have shown that geopolitical confrontation with Russia and China is on the West’s agenda, and not cooperation, and, to name just one example, of the $5 billion that the WFP urgently requires, it has only received $750 million. What is to be done? Shall we stand by, and watch the tragedy play out before our eyes?

Nicholas of Cusa

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In response to the 14th century Dark Age, which was characterized by catastrophes similar to those of today, Nicholas of Cusa, the inventor of modern science and the sovereign nation-state, and the great thinker of the 15th century, developed a new method of thinking, the Coincidentia Oppositorum, which represented, as he emphasized, an entirely new approach to solving problems. It was the idea that the human mind, in the living image of the Creator, is able to define the higher level on which all seemingly unsolvable contradictions can be resolved. According to Nicholas, the human mind is able to think of the One, which is of a higher power than the Many. In a similar way, Albert Einstein observed that problems cannot be solved on the level on which they were created.

Thinking in terms of the coincidence of opposites is the method that must be applied to solve the crisis that threatens all mankind today. We have to define a solution that meets the existential needs of all relevant individuals and interest groups on an equal basis. Concretely, this approach is readily applicable in regard to the pandemic.

It is the young people of this world whose future is most threatened by the combination of the pandemic and the economic crisis, although they were in no way responsible for them. Therefore, we need to develop prospects for them that both address the real problem, and give them a concrete task. We will only be able to navigate the COVID-19 pandemic, and similar future pandemics, if a modern healthcare program is established in every single country of the world, one which corresponds, in principle, to the Hill-Burton standard in the U.S., the German and French healthcare systems before their privatization drives, or the system which proved to be so successful in Wuhan, China.

The first step in that direction could be taken by setting up partnerships between, for example, university clinics, hospitals, and medical faculties in the U.S. and European nations, and similar institutions in Africa. To build a modern healthcare system, not only medical capacities, such as hospitals, infrastructure, water, electricity, etc. are needed, but also a large number of well-trained medical personnel.

CGTN

To overcome the crises facing humanity, a modern health-care delivery system, and all that entails, must be built up worldwide. Medical personnel can be trained on the model of President Franklin Roosevelt’s Civilian Conservation Corps. Above, a hospital is built on a crash basis in China; below, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, with youth he put to work.

NARA

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In that regard, such partnerships should train young people in the U.S., Europe, and African countries, some of whom are unemployed, first, to become, medical auxiliaries, and then medical personnel, on the model of President Franklin Roosevelt’s Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC). The very first step is to train young people so they can be deployed into the communities, or villages, and show the population the public health measures needed to fight the pandemic. In Tuskegee (Alabama), Tennessee, St. Louis (Missouri), and other places in the U.S., such cooperation with local institutions is already in place, which also involves clinics and local police forces in the various confidence-building measures, such as home visits, which is of extraordinary importance, given the overall uncertainties of the population, and the (often massive) campaigns against wearing masks, the rejection of vaccines, etc.

In the African partnership projects, the joint training and deployment of American and European youth aid workers with African youth, also requires confidence-building measures that can be carried out by medical personnel, as well as representatives of churches or disaster-control organizations. Such programs should first focus on the distribution of medical supplies, and easily transportable food such as powdered milk, dried and canned meat, etc., and then be expanded, as quickly as possible, to include training in infrastructure building, farming, and industrial projects.

Left: World Telegram/Dick DeMarsico; right: Hawkins Studio, Tuskegee, Alabama

Non-violent direct action as mobilized by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. (left) and Amelia Boynton Robinson (right) can organize opportunities for especially youth to find socially necessary, future-oriented employment.

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In the social flashpoints in American cities or European suburbs, where violent street fights have recently occurred for various reasons, and where young people are exposed to a wide array of dangers, such as drugs, alcohol, gang crime, internet addiction, and a degraded counterculture, such training opportunities would be just the alternative they need to find a socially necessary and future-oriented task. In the U.S., such creative non-violent direct action would be in the historic tradition of the civil rights movement of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. It should be remembered that Amelia Boynton Robinson, the civil rights activist who had brought Dr. King to Selma, Alabama, and who was beaten up by the police and left for dead on the Edmund Pettus Bridge during the infamous “Bloody Sunday” in March 1965, was the Vice President of the Schiller Institute for 25 years.

This is not the place to discuss the complexity of the social flashpoints, be it in the American cities where violence has broken out, in particular in the aftermath of the murder of African-American George Floyd, or in the French suburbs, where the effects of the pandemic dramatically exacerbated the long-standing social unrest. Although those social conflicts are undoubtedly instrumentalized by certain forces for their own political ends, it is nonetheless urgent to eliminate the real causes of the despair and uprooting of the young generation. Such an initial training to become medical auxiliaries, in many cases, can be the entry point for further professional training as nurses, doctors, or medical scientists.

In this moment of extreme polarization and violence in the streets, the Committee for the Coincidence of Opposites will also reconnect to the nonviolent tradition of Mahatma Gandhi, who defeated the British Empire in India, with that method and the Civil Rights Movement of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., who were able to bring otherwise totally opposed political forces together in direct civil action.

This committee should bring together people with various qualifications, who can demonstrate in an initially small, but well-designed example, how to approach the problem, in such a way that it can also be used as a pilot project for the large-scale government programs, that will hopefully follow soon after.

While it is urgent to train enough medical personnel worldwide to build a world health system, that effort must go hand in hand with overcoming the hunger pandemic. It is a crime against humanity that, as a result of the hunger crisis, massively compounded by the pandemic, literally many millions of people in developing countries are at risk of starvation (one of the most excruciating forms of death, according to former UN Commissioner for Human Rights Jean Ziegler), while in the U.S. and Europe, farmers are struggling for their economic survival. Some have had to kill their herds, because the cartels have created slave labor-like conditions in the meat processing industry, leading to the repeated emergence of COVID-19 clusters. It is also unacceptable that the farmers, who produce vital sustenance for the entire society, are driven into bankruptcy by the maximum-profit policy of the banks and cartels, and by ideological, so-called “green” constraints.

Farm representatives should therefore join these medical teams to organize the emergency delivery of appropriate foodstuffs to crisis zones, and to begin training other young people to develop agricultural capacities in developing countries. Together with African farmers, they could begin to set up modern agriculture, which, of course, requires the development of infrastructure, water and electricity supplies, etc. There are enthusiastic young and older farmers in the U.S., Germany, France, or Italy, who, in such a crisis situation, would consider it part of their mission in life to help overcome an unprecedented emergency with such a program.

The U.S. and Europe need an association of retired medical workers, concerned individuals, and social and religious organizations, to work together on this committee, in order to set up this training project. Part of their task is also to raise the donations needed from international and medium-sized firms, from board members who understand not only that these projects are a humanitarian necessity, but that it is also in their own best interest to maintain a livable world.

As soon as these projects take on a concrete form, they will spark the kind of enthusiasm that all great pioneer projects can generate, despite the seriousness of the situation, and they will give future prospects to many young people who would otherwise be dragged into social revolts and violent activities.

www.arttoday.com

Mohandas K. Gandhi’s non-violent action defeated the British Empire in India. His method was adopted by the U.S. civil rights movement of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

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As mentioned, such a private initiative (direct civil action) in the tradition of the non-violent actions of Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. cannot, by itself, solve the gigantic challenge before us. But it can provide a practical example of how people of good will can intervene in an otherwise desperate situation, and point to the required solution. These concrete examples will then encourage governments, or put pressure on them, to join forces and create, through a new credit system, the framework to permanently overcome underdevelopment in the developing countries.

In that way, the idea of Nicholas of Cusa, that a solution can be found on a higher level that takes into account the interests of all those involved, would find a concrete application today. This initiative will contribute to the fight against the pandemic, it will define a meaningful task for young people, and it will help to improve acute emergency situations in economically disadvantaged regions in the U.S. and Europe, as well as African countries. It will also highlight the vital importance of agriculture in times of famine, and save people from starvation. In a situation where many people feel powerless in the face of the catastrophe of the century, the committee will give every individual the opportunity to contribute something to overcoming the crisis.

To add your name to endorse the Committee for the Coincidence of Opposites, click here. For more information call 917-475-8828.

What Action Is the Committee Taking?

During a November 21 webinar addressed by Helga Zepp-LaRouche, a retired general of the U.S. armed forces, who is a member of the Committee for the Coincidence of Opposites, offered a comment that was read by the moderator. Zepp-LaRouche then responded.

Said the general, “I’m proposing that we do a humanitarian Marshall Plan to deal with COVID, which is a crisis throughout the world. If we don’t solve the world problem, then we will never solve the COVID crisis as a whole.”

He references Operation Warp Speed, which in the first phase is going to be primarily focused in the United States, but looking at a second phase of Warp Speed coming right on the heels of it, he says, “What we should do is to use assets to buy the vaccines,” by buying the pharmaceutical companies out—that’s what he’s saying. (I think that should be at a 2% profit myself.) The comment continues, “transfer this to generic composition and then begin to manufacture these in multiple places throughout the world, to make this quickly available all over the world, through all kinds of countries so you don’t have a lag and potentially lose hundreds of thousands of people or more.

“We have the capabilities throughout the world, in India and China, for instance, which can manufacture generic drugs. I see that as a second phase of Warp Speed. I think if this were brought before President Trump, he would want to do this.

“On the food crisis, with our assets, the capacities of our famers and lots of food in storage, it can be brought out through what Beasley and the World Food Program have, as well as food that is now subject to [eventual] spoilage, brought immediately into countries facing famine. The other thing we should do is to terminate ethanol, turning corn into gas; that would free a tremendous amount of corn that could be used in various ways. These are not difficult solutions. It’s a matter of wanting to put your head down and demand that you’re going to do it. This is a matter of getting these ideas in front of the right people. The Committee has to make sure that that happens. This has to be put in front of decision-makers, and let them take credit for adopting it, whatever that may mean.

“The main point is that President Trump is a good guy; he would do it, and it’s a matter of getting it in front of him.”

Zepp-LaRouche: I fully agree with what the general is saying. Warp Speed now has resulted in several vaccines. The first one was the one of Pfizer and BioNTech, a German firm in Mainz. Obviously, I’m a little bit proud that Germany was one of the first countries to participate with an American company to produce it. Now there are two or three others.

And I think speed now is really of the essence, because it takes a tremendous logistical apparatus to get these vaccines quickly to the countries which have the most difficulty in getting it, and it does require—that’s why this idea of the Committee for the Coincidence of Opposites, which I think would have really worked—well, that’s a different matter—but I think now is the time to go with it full-speed, and I think if we mobilize quickly, as long as President Trump is there, he could go with it now! I’m afraid that with Biden and his Green policy, this will not happen! That is very clear.

But I think the reason why we need to do it is not just the vaccines, but we need to build a modern health system in every single country. A top German virologist, Dr. Christian Drosten, who I think is extremely competent, said that he is now preparing to go back to his research in virology. He has had a leading role in explaining the pandemic to the population and had a daily podcast, and was very helpful. He says he wants to go back now to intensify his research because he thinks the next pandemic will probably be from the MERS [Middle East Respiratory Syndrome] virus, because all the signs are that that is going to be the next virulent problem. And that’s not the last one.

So the danger of new pandemics will be there until we have a modern health system in every country. And I think that is really the larger fight: Not just an emergency mobilization to get the medicine, but to actually create the condition where these pandemics don’t break out so massively as we have seen it!

Now, the U.S. and Europe

Must Join in China’s New Silk Road,

To Fight The Hunger Catastrophe in Africa

by Hussein Askary

Mr. Askary is the Schiller Institute’s Southwest Asia Coordinator, head of the Arabic Desk of EIR News Service, and board member of the Belt and Road Institute in Sweden (brixsweden.org). The following is adapted from his presentation to a November 8, 2020 webinar of the Schiller Institute in Denmark, “The World After the U.S. Election.”

What is the discussion in Europe about Africa? When politicians talk about Africa, the only thing they want to talk about is immigration. “What should we do to stop immigration from Africa?” they ask, instead of addressing, “What are the reasons that people are leaving Africa?” And then, of course, they blame African leaders for the disasters in Africa, which were created by the western institutions, including the International Monetary Fund and World Bank, which have prevented Africa from developing.

FIGURE 1

WFP

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Look at Figure 1, a map of world hunger, issued by the UN’s World Food Program (WFP). The countries in yellow show where there are improvements. The more orange, red, and darker you get, the worse is the situation. The fact is, that the colors represent the number of people who are undernourished, who don’t get enough food to live a normal productive life, seen especially in Africa. And the darkest red ones indicate that you have more than 35% of the population not getting enough food each day.

The worst hit countries, like Chad, the Central African Republic, Southern Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of Congo, are in grey because there’s no data for 2019, but these are the worst-case scenario countries. If you go down to Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe—what is common among those countries is that they are landlocked. They don’t have access to the oceans.

WFP

David Beasley, Executive Director of the World Food Program, has warned of 300,000 soon dying of hunger every day. Here he is in the arid Sahel region of Africa on October 19, 2020.

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These are the outlines of famine. David Beasley, the Executive Director of the WFP—the organization won the Nobel Peace Prize this year, which is a good thing—he warned at the beginning of the corona pandemic in March, that we could have 300,000 people dying of hunger every day. In October, when the World Food Program was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, Beasley said that this is both a happy and a tragic development, because we have not managed to get all the resources we needed so far to feed people and fend off famine; now we have seven million people already dead of hunger this year, so the Prize is “a call to action.”

Beasley has pleaded with world leaders, including billionaires, to donate money to buy enough food urgently to solve that problem. To the credit of the United States and the Trump Administration, they actually finance 50% of the World Food Program operations, and they even increased it this year. But that’s not the sole solution.

The Three-Step Solution

The solution involves three steps, as Marcia Merry Baker and I wrote in an article, “Ethiopia’s China-Built Railway as a Model: The Role of Infrastructure in Fighting Hunger, Moving Beyond Aid,” appearing in the November 6, 2020 EIR:

First, is the emergency aid. That should include also, with the food relief, bringing in seeds and fertilizer to the population, so they can grow their own food.

U.S. Army

Military forces have the greatest logistical capacity to organize emergency supplies. Here, a military vehicle is loaded with supplies in Tarin Kowt, Afghanistan, September 6, 2018.

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Secondly, open transport corridors to these landlocked countries; do it quickly. One thing we propose is that the U.S. Army—NATO’s military operations in Africa—which are many, and the peace-keeping operations in Africa, manned by Russia, China, and India, should all be brought into use. Military forces have the highest levels of logistical capabilities—unfortunately used for war—but these capacities can be used for transport by sea, by air, and by land. The soldiers can organize food delivery systems, even build camps, shelters, field kitchens and so on. Therefore, both NATO troops active in Africa and UN peacekeeping forces from other nations should coordinate to quickly bring the food in to where it’s needed.

The problem historically with the aid situation is that nations have become dependent. Many nations, especially the countries outlined on the map, are reliant on food relief. They have never since been able to produce their own food, and that has to be reversed. By the way, food aid is very expensive, because of the packaging, handling, and transportation involved. You can only airlift food into landlocked areas. And, because there are not enough big airports in these regions, which are rural areas, you don’t have the runways and ground services to take large airplanes, so you have to put everything in small packages, on small airplanes, and fly them all over the place. This is the most expensive way of bringing food to people. Therefore, the lack of infrastructure should be addressed.

Infrastructure-building is the third point. Yes, we do have to provide the emergency aid now, but already, at the same time, we have to think about the next step, and the next step, and the ultimate step, of course, is to build enough infrastructure, so Africa can utilize its vast human and physical resources.

Just look at the land resource base. Of all the unutilized arable land still remaining on the planet, 60% of it is in Africa, along with major water resources. Africa could not only feed itself—including its expected population of over 3 billion by 2050, but be a breadbasket for much of the rest of the world as well. This requires infrastructure. We laid out the whole blueprint for this in our 2017 Schiller Institute book, Extending the New Silk Road to West Asia and Africa—A Vision of an Economic Renaissance.

This development perspective is what is going on with the Belt and Road Initiative, and what China has been doing in Africa. It is an excellent example that Europe and the United States should follow, and work with China on projects, building railways, dams, water conveyance, roads, ports, electric power, health care systems, and industrial zones, to produce the tools that people need. You cannot just import everything. You have to start to build industries to produce tractors in Africa, harvesters, all kinds of things. You have to create a capability to produce fertilizer. You need agricultural research centers in Africa to develop the agricultural sector, and so on. In that sense, the Chinese have discovered the key to the problem.

Another way to put it, is that Europeans love to donate money for small, small projects which lead nowhere, because they think of Africa as a problem. The Chinese see Africa as an opportunity.

FIGURE 2

Existing Railways in Africa

EIR

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Look at Figure 2, a map of railways in Africa. You see the problem that has been there for 200 years, which is that Europeans, and now Americans, only extract wealth from Africa, but Africa is not participating in any of the supply chains. They supply the raw materials and that’s it. There is no development of those raw materials in Africa. Africans have to buy the goods they need from outside the continent, produced from those same raw materials, from Europe, China, the United States, and Japan, at prices much, much more expensive, than if they manufactured them in their own home countries. Of course, they are not capable of that right now. Our solution is to integrate Africa with transport infrastructure so African nations can trade with each other, but also take advantage of their resources.

We have the problem of very limited trade within Africa, across the continent from place to place. On this matter, it is very important to understand the difference in attitude between China, and Europe and the United States. China’s President Xi Jinping said in Johannesburg, during the 2015 Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC), that the problem in Africa is that you have three bottlenecks: the shortage of capital to finance economic activity; the shortage of skilled labor; and the lack of infrastructure. He said that, if these problems are solved, as has been done in China, then we won’t have any difficulty solving the problems of Africa. So, the Chinese have moved in these areas. China has provided the financing to solve the shortage of capital. It has provided tens of billions of dollars in credits, loans, and grants to build railways, ports, dams, electricity grids, etc. for Africa.

Concerning the shortage of skilled labor, Chinese companies do use African labor, contrary to the mythology that Chinese companies bring their own workers, their own engineers, and the Africans don’t participate. That’s not true. Chinese firms train Africans, especially because the Chinese worker is expensive now. It’s not like 30 years ago.

China has now surpassed both the United States and Britain in the number of African students studying there. Only France is ahead of China. Because of France’s colonial past and control in Africa, more students can go to France now than to China, but in a few years even France will be overtaken by China in the number of African students studying there.

Concerning infrastructure, which we have already addressed, China’s role is well known for constructing many rail and port projects. There is an African plan for integrating all the African countries with standard gauge railways. The Chinese said “We can do that,” and there are projects underway to build stretches of standard gauge rail, toward enabling the connection of all African countries by railway.

CC/Skilla1st

Besides bringing prosperity in general, the Djibouti-Addis Ababa Railway, completed in 2016, provides food security to landlocked areas afflicted with hunger.

Djibouti-Addis Ababa Railway

CC/Skilla1st

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Djibouti-Addis Ababa Railway and

Food Relief

One of the first projects which was completed in 2016 was the Djibouti-Addis Ababa railway. Besides improved transportation in general, consider its importance for areas most affected by hunger, which are landlocked, with very little connection to the rest of the world.

The cost differential is very large between landlocked and seacoast cargo delivery. Sending a container to Rwanda or Burundi would cost twice or three times more than sending it to Kenya or Nigeria, which have ports on the Indian or Atlantic Ocean. This is a physical reality; hauling goods over very bad roads makes the cost of transport very, very expensive. So, if you add that to the limited ability to produce locally, it’s impossible.

Now look at the example of the Djibouti-Addis Ababa railway, which is 750 km long, and it was built in a record time, of 2.5 to 3 years. In 2015, before it was finished, there was a drought in Ethiopia, and a threat of famine as severe as the historic 1983-85 disaster, in which tens of million perished. But that did not happen in 2015. To begin with, Ethiopia had developed an economic plan with a big focus on agriculture, and secondly the railroad, though unfinished, was in place.

The rail line was put into use on an emergency operations basis, to bring food aid and fertilizers inland from the port of Djibouti. At first, there were ships waiting in the harbor in Djibouti, with food to go to Addis Ababa, but they were stuck there for days, because they were dependent on off-loading onto trucks, whose route took ten days or more to cross very harsh mountain terrain; and this was also very costly. Then, they started loading cargo onto trains with the food and fertilizers going to Addis Ababa, and from there to the national grid. So that prevented a serious famine from taking place.

Today the same railway is being used for export of specialty foods which Ethiopia can produce, not grains. Ethiopia and Africa are still the world’s biggest importers of grains, like wheat, corn, rice and so on, but this railway helped prevent a famine.

The great value of rail is shown by studies of what happened without it. One of them is a scientific study on the disastrous impact on agriculture of shutting down the old railway in Ethiopia. Though decrepit, when it still functioned, it was used, for example, to haul in imported fertilizer—extremely important to Ethiopian farming. In 2009, the outmoded rail line was closed. The study, “Port Rail Connectivity and Agricultural Production: Evidence from a Large Sample of Farmers in Ethiopia,” published in the Journal of Applied Economics, Vol. 22, Issue 1, 2019, sampled 190,000 farm households that suffered terrible consequences from lack of fertilizer and other inputs. And there were consequent food shocks suffered by the public. So that’s the importance of infrastructure for food security.

CGTN

To cure the huge deficit in skilled labor in Africa, China is educating and training more Africans than the U.S. or the UK to qualify them for productive employment in the vast number of development projects now under construction or planned.

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Infrastructure and Economic Development

In terms of food and other humanitarian relief, China does give aid to Africa. It’s the second biggest donor to Africa—through various channels—after the United States, but what China is doing simultaneously, is contributing to the medium- and long-term solutions as well. Ethiopia now is one of the fastest growing economies in the world. This year they were also hit by the locust plague which destroyed a lot of agriculture, but it’s not like a complete famine, with people dying every day. They are still managing.

Ethiopia is building industrial zones. There are a number of locations of different industrial parks being built, and China is the number one investor there. They have different kinds of industries to put their young people into employment.

The next step in this picture is to go from Ethiopia and Kenya into the Great Lakes region, South Sudan, the Democratic Republic of Congo and then continue all the way to the other side of the continent, to connect East and West Africa and bring the countries in the middle—the landlocked countries—into this economic development process.

In that sense, Africa in the medium- and long-term can solve its problems. The technology to do that is available. The projects are identified. The African Union has identified its goals and programs. But China alone cannot do the job of building all this infrastructure. Remember, Africa is three times larger than China. You can fit China, India, Western Europe, and the United States altogether inside Africa. Africa’s population will grow. It is now 1.3 billion. By 2050 it will go to 3 billion people. So, we need to have some long-term development plans. We have to connect the rivers and lakes of Africa for transport, as Europe did. We have to solve the problem of the Lake Chad Basin, bringing water from the Congo River Basin to Lake Chad, which has been drying up. More than 30 million people live directly dependent on water in this lake basin area.

The Transaqua Project

Bonifica, SPA

Transaqua, the giant infrastructure development proposed for the heart of Africa, will transform life for millions in the region by refilling Lake Chad and providing inland shipping, large-scale irrigation for food production, and hydroelectric power for industrialization.

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With the Transaqua Project to upgrade the Chad and Congo River Basins, we can create new agricultural land, industrial activities, and connect East and West Africa going through the Congo Basin, where this canal will go [the planned canal to feed Lake Chad]. We need to build hydropower on the Congo River, on the Nile, on the Niger River, and on the Zambezi. Africa’s potential from all the hydropower is enormous. It is not tapped yet.

So, putting together this whole perspective, which the LaRouche movement has presented, can put Africa on a completely different path. And the proof of what Africa can achieve, is already in China. China in 30 years managed to bring 800 million people out of poverty. This year, 2020, the last few million Chinese who were under the poverty line will be pulled out of it, which the Chinese are very proud of. So, we can do these things. The Chinese President told the Africans during the 2015 summit, “You have all the potential to do what we managed to do. There is no problem. And we should work together.”

That’s why Europe and the United States should join China in doing that. Africans do have their own plans for development—the African Union’s “Agenda 2063.” It is a 50-year plan for transforming the continent into a modern powerhouse. It is not as if China is coming to the Africans and telling them what to do. The Africans know what is needed. They know the impediments to their development. Instead of going to Africa and telling them that they should solve the problems of immigration, corruption, human rights, women’s rights, children’s rights, instead, do what’s necessary to provide those women and children with an education. Get them the water, power, and other means of existence and education in order to get out of their problems.

So, the European attitude and the American attitude toward Africa—including the idea that you just extract resources from Africa—should stop. Africa’s resources should be shared with the rest of the world, on the basis that Africa should get back and have what it needs to be able to develop itself, and as a fundamental principle, be able to feed itself.

As Lyndon LaRouche said, it is the future that determines the present. Our vision of the future shows us how we can do things today, and if this is our vision of Africa and the world, then our attitude, our way of thinking, our way of doing things will change.

To contact the author: hussein.askary@brixsweden.org or www.facebook.com/hussein.askary

Gandhi’s Vision for a New Paradigm in International Relations, a World Health System, and Direct Non-Violent Action In Times of Social Breakdown

by Helga Zepp-LaRouche, President, International Schiller Institute

Studio of Elliot & Fry

Mohandas K. Gandhi, 1931.

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Zepp-LaRouche presented this paper to the two-day online International Conference of the Association of Asian Scholars on “Revisiting Gandhi: Peace, Justice and Development,” October 30-31, 2020, for the celebration of the 150th birthday of Mohandas K. Gandhi. She also delivered an abbreviated, ten-minute version of the paper and participated in the discussion session.

International Relations

As the COVID-19 pandemic spreads around the globe, all the many unacceptable problems of systemic injustice previously plaguing the world, the poverty and underdevelopment that has existed in the entire post World War II period, have suddenly exploded and torn away the thin veil, which had masked the fragility of the present global system the whole time.

As of now, the pandemic has killed more than one million people, and according to the UN World Health Organization (WHO), it threatens to kill at least another million before a vaccine can be applied to the whole world population, and it even may be worse than that.[fn_1] According to the UN International Labor Organization (ILO), this year 500 million jobs will be lost, and if the prognosis of the Executive Director of the UN World Food Programme (WFP), David Beasley,[fn_2] turns out to be right, we could face a famine of biblical dimensions soon, killing up to 300,000 human beings a day.[fn_3]

The financial system that has dominated the world since 1945, and which has become increasingly deregulated since President Richard Nixon dismantled in August 1971 the original Bretton Woods system by introducing floating exchange rates—a process which accelerated after the collapse of the Soviet Union—already was at the point of systemic collapse in 2008. All the Quantitative Easing by the central banks since has only enlarged the financial bubble, to the advantage of the rich becoming richer, the middle class shrinking, and the poor becoming poorer. These same central banks, according to the intention stated by former Bank of England Governor Mark Carney, now want a “regime change,” whereby they want to replace governments in defining financial and fiscal policy.[fn_4]

Just to touch upon it briefly: as a result of the sharpening of the trans-Atlantic financial crisis, the various hotspots have also heated up to a very dangerous point of escalation, in several areas even to the point of actual war, as between Azerbaijan and Armenia; in other areas, as ongoing regime-change operations, like Belarus; and in still other areas as potential hot conflicts such as the South China Sea or around Taiwan. In all of these crisis areas one can trace the geopolitical manipulation of the modern form of the British Empire, an empire which continues to exist in the form of the financial system of central banks, investment banks, hedge funds, insurance and reinsurance companies, etc. The most visible manifestation of this empire is the City of London and Wall Street, which historically developed as the junior partner of the City.

So the question is: Can the philosophy of Mahatma Gandhi still show a roadmap for the establishment of a new world order, in light of a world which seems in many ways completely out of control and where coercion and bullying seem to have replaced diplomacy and dialogue? It is a fair assumption that Gandhi would approach this question with the same inner direction and determination to free all of humanity from the yoke of imperial repression as he approached the question of freeing India from colonial subjugation in his time.

UN

The world community expressed its fervent desire for nuclear disarmament in its first Resolution at the first session of the United Nations General Assembly in 1946.

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As we commemorate this year the 75th anniversary of the adoption of the UN Charter, it is more urgent than ever before that we renew the principles upon which the UN Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) were built. It is important to remind the world that Gandhi’s philosophy of non-violence and the practical example of his victory over the British Empire, were the most important of the influences that shaped the formulation of these groundbreaking documents. He had been the greatest inspiration for the fight against colonialism and the intense debates around the Indian constitution.

The Indian representatives who had taken part in the different aspects of the drafting of the UDHR, Begum Hamid Ali, Hansa Mehta, Lakshmi N. Menon, and M.R. Masani, were all influenced by the ideas of Gandhi. Hansa Mehta was in the group of Eleanor Roosevelt at the UN Commission on Human Rights, which formulated the UDHR.

The principles of Gandhi’s conception of non-violence continued to influence later the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, Panchsheel, as it was expressed for the first time formally in the “Agreement on Trade and Intercourse between the Tibet region and India” on April 29, 1954. In the preamble, these principles were spelled out: (1) Mutual respect for the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the other; (2) Mutual non-aggression; (3) Mutual non-interference into the inner affairs of the other; (4) Equality and cooperation for the mutual benefit; and (5) Peaceful coexistence.

Gandhi’s philosophy of peaceful coexistence was continued in the first summit of the Non-Aligned Movement in Belgrade, 1961.

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This same philosophy persisted in the first conference of the independent Asian and African states in Bandung, and under the leadership of Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai, these principles were enlarged into the Ten Principles of Bandung. They also constituted the core according to international law of the conference of the Non-Aligned Movement in Belgrade in 1961.

It underlines both the humbleness and integrity of Nehru, that in a 1960 interview with the editor of the Blitz tabloid, R.K. Karanjia, he answered the journalist, who had referred in a question to the “Nehru era,” which he suggested would have begun after 1947 very explicitly, said:

Your usage of words like “Nehru era” and “Nehruvian policy” is wrong. I would like to call my time as authentic Gandhian period, and the policies and philosophy we are trying to implement are the policies and philosophy taught by Gandhiji.

Jawaharlal Nehru: “The path of peace and tolerance has been fundamental to Indian thought. ... Gandhi’s methods and solutions have helped bridge the gap between the industrial revolution and the atomic era.” Here, Nehru is seen sharing a lighter moment with Gandhi in Mumbai, July 6, 1946.

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Further along in the interview, Karanjia stated his assumption that Nehru would have gone beyond the principle of non-violence by creating the principle of Panchsheel and peaceful coexistence in response to the impending menace of the atom bomb.

Nehru’s answer again gave the credit to Gandhi by answering:

All this was inherent in Gandhian philosophy. In fact, the path of Panchsheel, peace and tolerance, the sentiment of “live and let live” has been fundamental to Indian thought since ages and you will find it in all the religions. Kings like Ashoka practiced it and Gandhiji integrated it in the practical philosophy of Karma which we have inherited.

Nehru elaborated further:

His [Gandhi’s] thoughts, methods, and solutions have helped to bridge the gap between the industrial revolution and the atomic era … after all, the only possible answer to the atom bomb is non-violence, isn’t it?

In the meantime, the National Archives in Washington have published historical documents which reveal that the use of nuclear weapons in Hiroshima and Nagasaki at the end of World War II was militarily completely unnecessary. The war was practically over, Japan was cut off from its supply lines through the American sea blockade and the Russian occupation of Korea and Northern China. Truman’s decision, which was completely backed by Churchill, to drop the bomb, was at this point only a demonstration of the principle of Schrecklichkeit [terror] in respect to future Anglo-American policy against the Soviet Union and as a test of its effect on the civilian population.

Behind this was the entire strategy that had been published by Bertrand Russell in an article in the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, “The Atomic Bomb and the Prevention of War” in 1946, and which had been emphasized by H.G. Wells before World War II, that the issue was to make the experience of war so horrible, that any enemy could be forced to give up its sovereignty and submit to de facto world government.

More than 200,000 people lost their lives and many more had lasting effects on their health as a result.

At the recent 75th anniversary of the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov warned about a change in U.S. military doctrine, which regards nuclear weapons as “deployable,” which is obviously based on the idea that a limited nuclear war is “winnable.”[fn_5] This seems to be a reference to the W76-2 low-yield warhead now deployed on Ohio-class submarines.[fn_6] Serious nuclear weapons experts such as MIT professor Theodore Postol, however, have argued convincingly, that it is the nature of nuclear weapons, that if it comes to the use of one, that they all will be deployed. In the age of thermonuclear weapons this would obviously mean the annihilation of the human species.

To return to the question posed earlier: Is the philosophy of non-violence of Gandhi still applicable in light of this existential question for all of humanity? The answer is Yes, but it requires the same kind of fearless commitment to throw off the yoke of empire that guided his actions. In Gandhi’s name, there must therefore begin in all countries a campaign about the threat posed to the existence of humanity by nuclear weapons and the necessity for their total elimination. This goal is in accordance with the principles of the UN from the very beginning, since Resolution 1 of the General Assembly in 1946, there has been the demand of global nuclear disarmament. Since then there have been numerous diplomatic efforts spearheaded by the UN, aiming at the elimination of nuclear weapons and all other weapons of mass destruction.

Today there exist more than 13,000 nuclear weapons, which are in the possession of eight countries. This arsenal, if it ever would come to be used, would be enough to eliminate the world population many times over. But with the withdrawal from the ABM Treaty, the INF Treaty, the Open Sky Treaty and the immediate danger that the last nuclear arms control treaty, “New START,” will expire in February 2021, there will be the danger that, for the first time since the 1970s, the world’s two largest strategic nuclear arsenals—those of the U.S. and Russia—will be unconstrained.

In the absence of previously existing arms control regimes, many experts have expressed the concern that the present situation is more dangerous than even at the height of the Cold War, when even in the Cuban missile crisis, the communication between John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev did function.

EIRNS/Stuart Lewis

As proposed by Lyndon LaRouche and announced by President Ronald Reagan, the Strategic Defense Initiative would have made nuclear weapons obsolete. Pictured here are LaRouche and Reagan at a candidates’ debate during the 1980 presidential campaign, Concord, New Hampshire.

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While the reconstruction of arms control is urgent to constrain the danger of an out-of-control arms race, the actual goal to eliminate nuclear weapons for good probably can only be accomplished if they can be made obsolete through new technologies based on new physical principles, and that these new technologies be implemented by all nuclear powers in cooperation, as proposed by the American statesman Lyndon LaRouche to the Reagan administration and the Soviet Union, which then became the Strategic Defense Initiative, SDI.

In its Resolution 68/32, adopted December 5, 2013, the UN General Assembly designated September 26 as the “International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons” and observed that day every year ever since. But in light of the imminent danger resulting from an increasing geopolitical confrontation between NATO and the U.S., on the one side, and Russia and China on the other, the campaign for the elimination of nuclear weapons can not be reduced to one day, but must become an ongoing accelerated campaign for every day, in every country, and on all levels of society.

Gandhi always believed that the youth of every country have the power to move mountains, and that they are responsible to uplift and develop their countries. It was his firm conviction that it was specifically leadership from the upcoming generation which could bring together all layers of society. In light of the danger of nuclear war, it is therefore of the utmost urgency to remind the youth of the world of the message of peace and non-violence of Mahatma Gandhi, and the great gift of Ahimsa that Gandhiji gave to humanity. The renaissance of Ahimsa will also be the way for young people to learn from Gandhiji’s idea of spirituality and self-purification, as a way to rid themselves from the yoke of mind-control through all kind of addictions, be it drugs, alcohol, or excessive internet use.

In light of all these dangers, it is very clear that Mankind is being put to the final test: Do we, as the only creative species known in the universe so far, have the capability to give ourselves an order, which guarantees the longtime survivability of humanity? We therefore urgently need an international debate about the necessity to return to the principle of the Panchsheel as the foundation of the international order. These principles need to be deepened, as their ontological connection to the cosmic order can be demonstrated. In all great cultures and religions there are references to the substance of these principles, even if the language used to express them varies.

On that basis we have to establish a new paradigm in the relations among nations, where the interest of the other is the interest of each. The common good of humanity as a whole must be the guiding principle against which no national interest must be in contradiction. Once all nations concentrate in this way on the common aims of Mankind, a new era of human civilization will be reached.

A World Health System

The coronavirus pandemic, which is now raging across the globe has pulled off the veil from the present world system and has revealed how dramatically underdeveloped many countries are. COVID-19 has already cost more than a million human lives and, according to the WHO, it will in all likelihood cost another million lives before a vaccine has been developed and administered in every corner of the world.

EIR

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But it is not only the people who have died of COVID-19 or have long-term medical damage from it. The other major category of victims are those two billion people, who according to the ILO are working in the so-called “informal economy,” including subsistence agriculture with its horribly low productivity, who are now threatened with the sudden loss of income as a result of lockdowns or interruptions in the supply line of production.

According to the ILO, 500 million people will have lost their jobs by the end of the year. In Africa, the real unemployment rate is 65%, in Latin America 42% when we count not just the official unemployment statistics, but also the great number of people who daily scramble for money so that they and their families can eat from one day to the next, but who don’t actually produce anything. The youth of the world are particularly affected by this “informal” economy, better called the “shadow economy.” In the 15-24 age bracket, 77% of all jobs are “informal.”

The pandemic also has severely hurt agricultural production in many parts of the world, be it because of COVID-19 hitting the workforce in meatpacking plants, forcing farmers to cull their herds, or because farmers themselves were hit by the sickness in poor countries. As a result, the world is also threatened with a hunger catastrophe which, according to David Beasley of the WFP could soon reach “biblical dimensions” of up to 300,000 people dying of hunger per day.

It was Gandhi’s principle of Sarvodaya that influenced the UN Agenda for Sustainable Development 2030 and its idea of “Leave No One Behind,” as well as to “endeavor to reach the furthest behind first.” The extraordinary gravity of the COVID-19 crisis requires that the timetable to reach these goals must be accelerated. The implementation of Sarvodaya means that the most urgent first step must be the construction of a world health system, without which this pandemic and the threat of future pandemics cannot be conquered. Gandhi said that poverty was the worst form of violence and that the progress of society should be determined by the state of the most vulnerable and the weakest. For the case of the pandemic this is obvious: It will not be over until it is defeated in every single country.

Courtesy of China Construction

“The coronavirus would not have become a pandemic if every country had a modern health system.” Shown, the Huoshenshan Hospital under construction, built in record time in Wuhan, China, January 2020.

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There is one important lesson to be learned from the present crisis: The coronavirus would not have become a pandemic if every country had a modern health system. After the outbreak in Wuhan and Hebei province, the Chinese health system was capable of being geared up, rapidly building new hospitals in a few weeks, and mobilizing health professionals from around the country. After two months, China had the pandemic essentially under control and has been able to prevent a new outbreak ever since. If every other country would have had the same capability, it would not have become an out-of-control pandemic.

The reasons for the pandemic are not primarily medical but economic. In 1973 Lyndon LaRouche initiated a biological taskforce with the task of investigating the effect of IMF conditionalities on the developing countries. That taskforce came to the conclusion that by preventing the so-called “Third World” from investing in infrastructure programs, health, and education systems, and instead favoring debt repayment, the result would be the emergence of old and new diseases and pandemics. The lowering of the immune systems of entire generations in several continents caused by hunger, lack of clean water, lack of medical facilities, etc., would necessarily lead to a biological holocaust.

If the many programs for industrialization for Africa, Latin America, Asia, and even the poor regions of Europe and the United States, which LaRouche and his movement have worked out since the seventies, would have been implemented, every single human being on this planet would enjoy a decent life today.

To apply Gandhi’s principle of Sarvodaya today, there must be a coordinated international effort to build a modern health system in every country on the basis of the same standards that the American health system used when the Hill-Burton standard was applied, the same standards of the German and French health systems before privatization replaced the principle of the common good with greed and profit in the 1970s. The Wuhan medical system is another good reference point. The building of such health systems then must be the starting point for the building of the new world economic order that the Non-Aligned Movement has been fighting for since the 1950s.

The motivation for the industrialized countries to participate in building this world health system will be their own self-interest: This pandemic, and future pandemics of which virologists and epidemiologists are now warning, will surely come and will not be able to be contained unless the needs of all, especially the poorest countries, are equipped to deal with the threat.

Naturally, one cannot build hospitals unless there is clean water, sanitation, electricity, transport infrastructure, communications, etc. Today more than two billion people lack access to clean water, adequate sanitation, or both.

So the urgent need for a health system, consisting of modern clinics which can be virtually connected to the best professional care in clinics in advanced countries, comprehensive medical supply stations in rural areas, and medical research centers, will be the catalyst for the kind of real development programs that should have been realized many decades ago. The effect of not doing this is that 800,000 children under five years of age are dying from diarrhea every year. Proper disposal of sewage and the purification of water sources is an absolutely indispensable precondition to save billions of people’s lives. Temporary sanitation facilities can be mass produced and distributed in the developing countries as a stop-gap measure, until durable infrastructure has been built up. The building of this infrastructure will provide meaningful employment for many millions of people in all countries involved.

The world has currently an inventory of 18.6 million hospital beds, which represents a huge deficit. The Hill-Burton standard in the U.S. requires 4.5 hospital beds per 1,000 people. Current levels are 2.8 hospital beds per 1,000 people, 0.7 for South Asia, and 0.5 for Nigeria. To meet the standard of 4.5 per 1,000 people, one would have to increase the number of hospital beds to 35 million, nearly double the current number. This will require the construction of 35,200 new modern hospitals, especially in Africa, Asia, and Latin America.

Other concrete aspects that must be targeted include testing capacity which must be brought up to several millions a day, depending on the size of the population, first through emergency import, then as quickly as possible through the building up of manufacturing capacities. And we need contact tracers who must be trained and hired, and masks and more sophisticated personal protective equipment (PPE) which must be made available to allow a dramatically increased number of health care workers to perform their jobs safely. Ventilators must be made available in sufficient quantities. Research for treatments and vaccines must be funded.

All of these measures, as such, are not enough to save lives; to do that we need a vastly increased number of medical staff, doctors, nurses, and health workers. About this, more in the following section. But as we have seen, the principle of Sarvodaya is not only noble, it is indispensable for the survival of the human species.

Kanu Gandhi

The Mahatma, Mohandas K. Gandhi.

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Direct Civil Action Today

There are a great number of political leaders and movements around the world who have been or are now inspired by Mahatma Gandhi. But maybe the most consequential of them so far were the famous civil rights leaders in the United States, Martin Luther King Jr., Amelia Boynton Robinson, and James Bevel, who adopted the principle of nonviolence in their fight against the remnants of slavery, racism, and segregation, which accomplished the signing of the Civil Rights Act in 1964 by President Lyndon B. Johnson.

What inspired them was Gandhi’s conception of nonviolence as satyagraha, the idea that one has to consciously cultivate the power of truth-seeking and love within oneself, so that it becomes impossible to participate in any evil because one has completely freed one’s mind and soul from the potential danger of being corrupted, by purifying oneself. King first applied the method of nonviolent action in 1955 in the Montgomery bus boycott, about which King wrote: “While the Montgomery boycott was going on, India’s Gandhi was the guiding light of our technique of nonviolent social change.” And later he would say: “I came to see for the first time that the Christian doctrine of love, operating through the Gandhian method of nonviolence, was one of the most potent weapons available to oppressed people in their struggle for freedom.”

Minnesota Historical Society

Left: EIRNS/Stuart Lewis; right:EIRNS/Philip Ulanowsky

Gandhi’s conception of non-violence, satyagraha, the idea that one has to consciously cultivate the power of truth-seeking and love within oneself, so it becomes impossible to participate in any evil, inspired the leaders of the U.S. Civil Rights Movement. Clockwise from top: Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr., Amelia Boynton Robinson, and Rev. James Bevel.

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In 1959 King and his wife Loretta travelled for five weeks to India in order to get a deeper grasp of Gandhi’s thought. Many people in India were absolutely aware of the Montgomery bus boycott. King met numerous members of Gandhi’s family, Indian activists, and officials, including Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. That trip had a big role in the subsequent development of the civil rights movement in the U.S. and in King becoming sort of the moral conscience of the U.S. He was on the way to becoming the righteous President of the U.S. when he was assassinated.

King, Malcom X, J.F. Kennedy, and Robert Kennedy were killed, and the real background of their murder was essentially covered up. Both the murder and the coverup of these four personalities—who stood for a tremendous cultural optimism, a firm belief in the creative powers of human beings, freedom and justice—had a major impact in the paradigm change that has occurred in the value system in the U.S. ever since, and the transformation from a basic optimism about what man can accomplish in shaping a better future for humanity, to the present social mayhem.

A great number of civil rights leaders who had worked with King, have over the years given an elaborated picture to this writer about the reality of the existence of two Americas—a black America, which is completely aware of the white America, which is the only one the white population perceives. The black America in some areas looks more like enclaves of the third world in terms of living standard, access to food, quality of housing and health care, etc.

Recently, after a whole series of police killings of black citizens on top of a high crime rate and black-on-black shootings, the eight-minute-long horrific murder of the Afro-American George Floyd by a policeman, filmed with brutal clarity with a smartphone and spread through the internet around the world, has set off a wave of protest in many American cities. Initially most of the protesters were genuinely upset about the manifestation of racism, which no black person in the U.S. denies exists, unless he or she has been corrupted and belongs to that relatively small upper crust of media-public relations-academic-intelligentsia section, who “have made it” and therefore think like the establishment.

But very quickly these protests were kidnapped by violent groupings of different stripes. The larger context for the outbreak of the riots is the relentless war first against the presidential candidate and then President Donald Trump, which the neoliberal establishment of the U.S. and Great Britain and their intelligence services—often just called the “Deep State”—have conducted. His election victory in 2016 upset their control of the U.S., and with it the special relationship between Great Britain and the U.S., upon which the present form of the British Empire and its conception of a unipolar world order rests. Trump had dared to promise to bring the relation with Russia into order, end the “endless wars,” and give a voice to the “forgotten man,” who Hillary Clinton had called disdainfully the “deplorables.”

The riots that broke out in several U.S. cities were instrumentalized to be part of various scenarios to actually overturn the American Constitution. Interest groups, such as Transition Integrity Project (TIP) and related organizations, have put out game plans which give cause for the assumption that the various violence-prone street forces, such as Antifa, Black Lives Matter, etc., could actually have a role in providing the pretext for what some retired military officers, such as Col. Richard Black, former chief of the Army Criminal Law Division, Office of the Judge Advocate General at the Pentagon, are warning could lead to a military coup in the context of the U.S. election.

CC/Hungryogrephotos

In the dark of night, a small group turned a protest against the police murder of George Floyd into a violent conflagration, Minneapolis, May 29, 2020. The citizens of U.S. cities, who were subjected to burning and looting, completely reject the violence and vandalism.

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This has led to the strange situation, where proponents of one side of the political aisle call these riots “peaceful protests,” while the vast majority of Afro-Americans and citizens of the violence-affected cities completely reject the violence, which has included vandalism against statues of American historical figures and even figures who were heroes in the fight against slavery.

Most of the ideology of these protest groups is derived from the Frankfurt School, which was a CIA-sponsored cultural warfare project in the postwar period after World War II, which targeted values such as “hard work, rational thinking, the nuclear family, morality, belief in God” as characteristics of an “authoritarian personality,” which therefore had to be fought against. The latest result of a long chain of such changes in values is the LGTB culture and so-called “identity politics,” which separates the different sociological groups according to their sexual preferences, or cultural, ethnic, or political likings. The net result of these changes in outlook is a new segregation and the complete opposite of what Martin Luther King had been fighting for, namely, that human beings should not be judged by their color, but by the content of their character.

It is for these reasons—despite the fact that there are social tensions and political polarization in the U.S. that threaten any cohesion of society and actually the foundations of the U.S. as a constitutional republic—that the incredibly rich heritage of King and the Civil Rights Movement are not mentioned up to now. But it should be obvious, that while the historic predicates are very different, that the essential roots of the conflict are located in the same de facto insurmountable conflicts in both Gandhi’s and King’ s fights. The issue in all of these cases is the same: the effect of an imperial order, which denies the basic human rights to large sections of the population, and there is a point where these injustices become unbearable, as is mentioned in the American Declaration of Independence.

There is a very specific way that the spirit of Mahatma Gandhi and the tradition of Martin Luther King can show the way to a constructive approach in respect to the violent demonstrations in the United States, or France, or any country where they are taking place. The principle of Sarvodaya can be the spark for a nonviolent strategy to address the problem. Since it is the young people of this world whose future is the most threatened by the combination of the pandemic and the economic crisis, there needs to be a perspective that addresses the problem of the pandemic, and simultaneously gives them a concrete way for productive tasks.

As was discussed in the second section of this article, the COVID-19 pandemic and future pandemics can only be dealt with if every single country on the planet has a modern health system, and that requires a much larger cadre of trained medical personnel than presently available.

There is presently an effort underway to set up a Committee in the U.S., Europe, and Africa to organize partnerships between universities, clinics, hospitals, and medical facilities. The task of these partnerships is to train unemployed youth, to first become medical auxiliaries and then medical personnel, on the model of Roosevelt’s Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC).

In poorer segments of the population, the necessary health measures to combat the pandemic are not necessarily familiar, so the first step will be to train young people and deploy them into the communities or villages to teach the population what to do. In Tuskegee (Alabama), Tennessee, and St. Louis (Missouri) there is the beginning of such activities involving retired doctors, healthcare workers, and local police in confidence-building measures such as home visits. This is crucial given the general confusion in the population as a result of the spread of conspiracy theories against masks, vaccines, etc., and ignorance about how infection spreads. At the same time, one can initiate more in-depth medical training of these youth to become doctors, nurses, and health workers.

Gandhi is shown here being given a rousing reception by textile workers in Darwen, Lancashire, England, September 26, 1931, during the Swadeshi boycott of British cotton goods called by the Indian National Congress in 1929.

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The aim is further to rapidly start work in African partnership projects for the joint training and deployment of American, European, and African youth, which can be built up with the help of medical personnel, churches, and disaster-control organizations to provide the same services to the populations there. Because of the famine, the distribution of foodstuffs must be added, and this work will be quickly expanded to include training in infrastructure building, farming, and industrial projects. There are many farmers, young and old, in various countries who have been responsive and would regard it as an honor to help out in a crisis moment like this. The call for the creation of this committee says:

As soon as these projects take on a concrete form, they will spark the kind of enthusiasm that all great pioneer projects can generate, despite the seriousness of the situation, and they will give future prospects to many young people who would otherwise be dragged into social revolts and violent activities.

As mentioned, such a private initiative (direct civil action) in the tradition of the non-violent actions of Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King, cannot, by itself, solve the gigantic challenge before us. But it can provide a practical example of how people of good will can intervene in an otherwise desperate situation and point to the required solution. These concrete examples will then encourage governments, or put pressure on them, to join forces and create, through a new credit system, the framework to permanently overcome underdevelopment in the developing countries.

This multifaceted initiative will accomplish many things at once: It will support people against the pandemic, it will create a future for youth, and it will help to overcome poverty by initiating real economic development.

These three examples: the paradigm shift in international relations, the need for a world health system, and the direct social action for the youth, show the eminent importance and the absolute relevance of the philosophy of Gandhi for an approach to the greatest challenges of our time. His idea of self-ennoblement can also be the basis for a dialogue of cultures among those philosophers and poets who also have an elevated image of man. Such a dialogue will help to catalyze a cultural renaissance, which is so urgently needed to save the world from the present civilizational crisis we are in. But most important, is to kindle within people the love for which Gandhiji stands, so that more people can become great souls.

[fn_1] While there are some experts who even question if a vaccine can be found, the WHO is warning that the death toll could hit two million before a vaccine is in wide use. [back to text for fn_1]

[fn_2] The ILO features in a recent report the devastating losses in working hours and employment. That comes on top of the so-called informal economy jobs of 2 billion, which are not really productive in the sense of physical economy. [back to text for fn_2]

[fn_3] “WFP Chief Warns of ‘Hunger Pandemic’ as Global Food Crises Report launched.” David Beasley told the UN Security Council that hundreds of thousands may die without swift intervention and urgent funding. The WFP has just received a completely justified Nobel Peace Prize. [back to text for fn_3]

[fn_4] “The Growing Challenges for Monetary Policy in the Current International Monetary and Financial System,” a speech given by Mark Carney, then Governor of the Bank of England, Jackson Hole Symposium, August 23, 2019. [back to text for fn_4]

[fn_5] Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov’s message to the participants of the memorial ceremony in Hiroshima on the occasion of the 75th anniversary of the atomic bombing. [back to text for fn_5]

[fn_6] There has been a wide discussion in security expert circles that the new so-called low-yield nuclear weapons blur the lines between conventional and nuclear weapons and therefore increase the risk of their potential use. See “Strengthening Deterrence and Reducing Nuclear Risks: The Supplemental Low-Yield U.S. Submarine-Launched Warhead,” issued by the Office of the Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security. [back to text for fn_6]

II. The Presidency

Lord Malloch-Brown:

Another British Crown Coup-Maker Behind U.S. Vote Fraud

by Gretchen Small

WEF/Yossef Meftah

Lord Mark Malloch-Brown, Vice-Chairman, World Economic Forum.

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Nov. 21—The central role played in rigging the vote tallies in the Presidential election by voting machine and software company Smartmatic, identified by President Donald Trump’s campaign legal defense team in its November 19 presentation of evidence of fraud to the press, reveals the role of the British Royal Family itself in the drive to steal the November 3 election for Joe Biden.

It should come as no surprise. It is well documented that British intelligence set up and ran the Russiagate fraud; that the first public calls to impeach or assassinate President Donald Trump came from Britain, even as he was first taking office; that Britain’s Ambassador Kim Darroch had to be recalled when his efforts to control the U.S. Presidency were exposed; that the British House of Lords in December 2018 instructed that a second Trump presidential term must be prevented at all costs; among other egregious acts of aggression.

It would be a grave error to believe that interference comes from Venezuela, Iran, China, Russia, or even from the disgusting George Soros alone. Our enemy is London’s Empire, as it has been throughout the history of the United States.

Smartmatic’s parent company, SGO, is chaired by Lord Mark Malloch-Brown (and he plays a hands-on role in its operations), but Malloch-Brown’s role in the 2020 election battle goes beyond SGO/Smartmatic.

A member of the Queen’s UK Privy Council, Knight Commander of the Order of Saint Michael and Saint George, former British cabinet minister and Minister of State in the Foreign Office, and decades-long imperial political strategist directing money-bags George Soros, Malloch-Brown was the “principal conduit between Britain” and Barack Obama from the time of his 2007-2008 presidential campaign. His appointment to the Privy Council is the key to understanding Malloch-Brown’s importance as a British Crown agent.

He has a long history of orchestrating elections as part of “color revolutions” to overthrow nationalist governments in favor of British lackeys committed to imposing radical free trade policies of the Queen’s financial speculators. Search EIR’s online archives, and you will find repeated exposés of Malloch-Brown’s attacks on the principle of the nation-state itself. He was part of the team, with Soros, that set up the International Criminal Court (used almost exclusively against African leaders); pushed the British “Responsibility to Protect” (R2P) doctrine used to overthrow the Westphalian order of national sovereignty; supported the overthrow of Libyan ruler Qaddafi; helped create Saakashvili’s “rose revolution” in Georgia.

He has now deployed his networks to set up the election as the trigger for great conflict inside the United States. It is therefore urgent that the report we provide below be understood now, to stop this operation dead in its tracks.

www/smartmatic.com/us

Malloch-Brown is Chairman of the Board of SGO, Smartmatic’s parent company. SGO describes Smartmatic as its largest component. Smartmatic claims to be the “world leader in election technology ... in 25 countries.”

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Smartmatic Feels the Heat

Not long after the Trump team’s November 19 vote fraud press conference, Smartmatic removed its biographical notes about its chairman from its website. Whereas several paragraphs promoting the Lord as prominent in British business and international affairs had previously popped up when the links to his biography were clicked, now a blank page appears: “The news record is not available anymore.” The only reference to the British peer remaining on the site is a link to Smartmatic’s “Fact-Sheet” against all those unfair lies about it out there, where it is acknowledged that Malloch-Brown exists, as a sort of twice-removed cousin who is not, we say not working for George Soros!

Smartmatic protests,

Does Mark Malloch-Brown work for George Soros? No. Lord Mark Malloch-Brown sits on the Board of Directors of more than a dozen organizations, including SGO, the parent company of Smartmatic. Malloch-Brown is also on the board of Open Society Foundations, a philanthropic organization founded by Soros that supports democracy and human rights in more than 100 countries.

WEF/swiss-image.ch/Michele Limina

George Soros, Chairman, Soros Fund Management USA. Malloch-Brown sits on the board of Soros’s Open Society Foundation.

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EIR reported long ago that Malloch-Brown never “worked for” Soros. While Soros has certainly enriched him, the Baron is higher in operating rank than the money-bags.

Originally created by Venezuelan engineers, Smartmatic in 2005 purchased Sequoia Voting Systems—a leading provider of U.S. voting technology—from the British company De La Rue. In 2014, a new holding company was created, SGO, with Smartmatic as its main venture, chaired by Baron Malloch-Brown. The company’s headquarters is in London.

Joining Lord Malloch-Brown on the board, with two engineers from the original team of Venezuelans who created Smartmatic, is another British knight, Sir Nigel Knowles, whom the Queen had appointed her representative as High Sheriff of London for 2016. The Office of High Sheriff being the oldest Royal appointment in the realm.

SGO describes Smartmatic as its largest component, in everything from revenues to profitability, geographical presence, innovation, etc. Smartmatic claims to be the—

world leader in election technology … [having] successfully designed and implemented secure voting technologies for election commissions on five continents in 25 countries. We’ve recorded and tabulated more than 5 billion votes with zero security breaches.

DHS

Chris Krebs, Director, Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, fired by President Trump in November 2020.

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The latter claim had been previously loudly disputed inside the United States and internationally, but none of that stopped Smartmatic from being approved as a U.S. Department of Defense vendor and included as a founding member in 2017 of the Department of Homeland Security Council for the Election Infrastructure Subsector, by DHS’s now-dismissed Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) head, Christopher Krebs.

Smartmatic’s Lucrative Philippine Frauds

Smartmatic’s most notorious case of repeated election fraud, outside of the 14 elections it ran from 2004 to 2015 in Venezuela, occurred in the Philippines. The story is important to the Malloch-Brown case.

Smartmatic machines were used in the 2008 regional election in Mindanao. The Manila Times reported in a scathing June 21, 2016 editorial, “Never Again! … to Smartmatic,” which listed case after case of its fraud. In the Mindanao case, when zero results came in from several precincts on the island, a Smartmatic technical person, over 530 miles away in Manila, accessed the machines and made a correction, “the first proof that Smartmatic can change the results in any region, at will, from anywhere in the country,” the Manila Times wrote.

When Smartmatic voting machines were purchased by the Philippine Commission on Elections (COMELEC) for the 2010 national election, the machines failed pre-election tests run by COMELEC and by the Philippine Computer Professionals Union. The latter reported a list of more than 15 problems which ranged from election data not always being properly encrypted before being stored or transmitted, to finding encryption keys explicitly coded into the source code in one case, potentially revealing them to anyone.

Philippine Presidential Museum and Library

Ferdinand Marcos takes the oath of office for a second term, on December 30, 1969.

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COMELEC ruled that the election would proceed anyway, leading to charges of fraud being perpetrated by both Smartmatic and the government.

The Manila Times reported that in the 2013 election, Smartmatic again demonstrated it could access the system and “tamper the results at will,” when it stepped in to “correct” the votes in a race where 10 million votes had been registered for a candidate in the first two hours alone. At the end of the election, Smartmatic results showed government party candidates receiving 60% of the votes, those from the dominant opposition 30%, and the rest of the candidates 10% ... in every region, for all 16 candidacies—a political and statistical impossibility!

When COMELEC then banned Smartmatic from bidding for the 2016 presidential race after its machines failed compliance tests, Malloch-Brown, now chairman of SGO/Smartmatic, flew personally to Manila within a few weeks of the decision to throw his political clout around. After many meetings and press conferences, wonder of wonders, COMELEC changed its position and announced that the Smartmatic machines worked after all, and that the Philippines would buy 23,000 of their new optical mark reader machines to be used in the 2016 polls, at a cost of US$55.5 million.

Turning Elections into ‘Color Revolutions’

During his June 2015 trip to ensure Smartmatic would not lose its most lucrative contract, Malloch-Brown reminisced to the Philippine Daily Inquirer about his personal role, almost 30 years before, in using the February 1986 presidential elections in the Philippines to overthrow President Ferdinand Marcos, on the back of a so-called “People’s Power revolution.”

C-SPAN

David H. Sawyer, of the Sawyer-Miller Group, was skilled at using techniques of mass psychological warfare.

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That was his first venture into orchestrating election fraud on a national scale, long before electronic counting machines existed. He had started his career as a correspondent for the 177-year-old imperial mouthpiece, The Economist, but in 1985, in his early thirties, he shifted his focus to manipulating elections, by joining the “strategic communications consulting” firm, U.S.-based Sawyer-Miller Group, as its lead international partner. He had become a co-owner of the firm by the time he left in 1994, to put his improved political manipulation skills to work as a “development specialist” at the World Bank.

Times of London editor James Harding once promoted the Sawyer-Miller team as “the Manhattan Project of spin politics: a small but extraordinary group who invented American-style political campaigning and exported it around the world,” in his book, Alpha Dogs: How Political Spin Became a Global Business.

That tale is an exaggeration. The Sawyer-Miller team, Malloch-Brown included, were no insightful geniuses; they were merely skilled at using techniques of mass psychological warfare honed over decades, in particular, at the British psychological warfare center, Tavistock. Los Angeles Times reporter Barry Siegel’s November 24, 1991 profile, “Spin Doctors to the World,” captures the soul-less cynicism of the oligarchic lackeys, Malloch-Brown emphatically included, playing at being the masters of the world. Sawyer-Miller’s team bragged that their advertising campaigns did not aim to sell products or candidates, but to “manage attitude and behavior. That’s what we do. We design strategies to affect behavior and attitudes of a particular constituency,” founder David Sawyer told Siegel.

White House

UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher, the “free trade” warrior, in 1990.

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The firm’s team understood its task was to induce the American people to believe (or at least accept) that the radical free-trade economics spearheaded by Margaret Thatcher at the time was necessary for society, even as that policy destroyed their jobs, communities, and children. This use of “mass communications” to impose British oligarchic economics of austerity, scarcity, and backwardness was dubbed “electronic democracy.” Sawyer excused his actions in the same fashion as Malloch-Brown’s later partner George Soros did in explaining why he felt no guilt about working for the Nazi occupiers against his fellow Hungarian Jews in his youth. Sawyer told Siegel, I try “to control the terms of the debate. If I don’t someone else will.”

Malloch-Brown described his task most explicitly in a June 27, 1991 article, “The Consultant,” for Granta on his work for Sawyer-Miller in getting oligarch libertine Mario Vargas Llosa elected president in Peru in 1990:

I believed … Peru’s future was in stabilizing the economy by radical measures—privatizing industry, permitting competition and entrepreneurship. I had seen half-hearted reform programmes fail. Democracy would last in the region only if it could be shown to be consistent with bold leadership. But I also felt that, like marketeers of other products, my colleagues and I could make his politics of rapid economic adjustment with its inevitable early consequences of higher real prices and increased unemployment, attractive to the consumer. We could do for Mario what Mrs. Thatcher’s consultants had done for her: to take the hard edge off a radical programme for economic recovery.

(He failed that assignment. Alberto Fujimori beat Vargas Llosa by a 20% landslide.)

CC/Jiur27

One of Aquino’s first acts in 1986 was to mothball the completely finished Bataan nuclear power plant, keystone to President Marcos’ development program.

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When Sawyer-Miller was hired to make sure that the neo-conservative sugar oligarch Corazon Aquino toppled Marcos on behalf of the Anglo-American cabal, Malloch-Brown was assigned responsibility. (Rumors have it that the firm was hired at the request of the CIA; Malloch-Brown admitted to Siegel that they were “occasionally briefing the CIA.”)

EIR detailed why and how Marcos was set up and overthrown, and the LaRouche movement’s role in that fight, in the December 24, 2004 article, “Shultz and the ‘Hit Men’ Destroyed the Philippines,” but was unaware then of Malloch-Brown’s role.

In his 2015 interview with the Philippine Daily Inquirer, Malloch-Brown made clear he still relished his crowning touch in running Aquino: issuing a fraudulent “exit poll,” made up out of thin air while the vote was still being counted, which “established” that Aquino was winning, 55-45%. That “exit poll” was then blasted all over the press, setting the stage for a giant campaign to discredit the election result as “fraud” when Marcos won the election, 53.6% to Aquino’s 45%.

With the media blaring that Aquino had won, using Malloch-Brown’s invented poll, “people’s power” protests quickly followed, providing cover for the already-planned military coup which installed Aquino in power before the month was out. The purpose of the coup quickly became clear: The industrial, agricultural, and scientific development that Marcos had fought to introduce in the Philippines was reversed. One of Aquino’s first acts was to mothball the completely finished Bataan nuclear plant which was about to start generation.

Left: WEF/swiss-image.ch/Moritz Hager; right: UN/Yutaka Nagata

Lord Malloch-Brown (left): “I learned my whole business on Cory’s campaign.” Corazon Aquino (right) came to power in the Philippines after Malloch-Brown invented and the media popularized the fraudulent “exit poll.”

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Malloch-Brown was still gleeful decades later:

Marcos did not really recover after that. It was a very exciting experience to watch. … I have done an awful lot of campaigns since, but I still say I learned my whole business on Cory’s campaign.

The Vote Fraud against Trump

Malloch-Brown stayed at the World Bank after leaving Sawyer-Miller until 1999, when he was deployed into a series of posts at the United Nations, culminating in his 2006 stint as Deputy Secretary-General under Kofi Annan. Throughout, Malloch-Brown continued to push the oligarchic policy that “development” in developing sector nations be limited to “appropriate technology” (pick-and-shovel jobs programs—maybe lit by dim solar-powered light bulbs). It appears to have been during his period as head of the UN Development Program (UNDP, 1999-2005) that he established his first ties to Hugo Chávez’s Venezuela, as Smartmatic was positioning itself as a major election machine vendor for the regime. In 2002, his offer to assist talks between Chávez and the opposition culminated in his sending UNDP observers to supervise signature collection for the 2004 recall referendum (in which Smartmatic’s machines were first used on a national scale).

His first known ties to Soros emerged in his last year at Sawyer-Miller, around two public projects: Soros’s Advisory Committee on Bosnia (1993-1994) and their joint creation of the International Crisis Group (ICG) between 1993 and 1995, about which more below. Their close ties probably existed earlier, as during his years at the United Nations, Soros would charge Malloch-Brown nominal rent while he lived in one of Soros’ luxury New York apartments. After leaving the United Nations, Malloch-Brown joined both Soros Fund Management and Soros’s Open Society Initiative as Vice Chairman.

It was in the last months of Tony Blair’s government that Malloch-Brown was tapped to work directly under the Queen, a decision culminating in July 2007. After he had been named Minister of State at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office with responsibility for Africa, Asia, and the United Nations in the new Gordon Brown government, Malloch-Brown was knighted and made a life peer in the House of Lords with a barony in “appreciation” of his international work (his official title: Baron Malloch-Brown of St. Leonard’s Forest in the County of West Sussex). Most important, he was appointed to the Queen’s UK Privy Council.

As Australian patriots have recently forced out into the open—over great Royal objection—Privy Councils are not honorary bodies that answer to the elected governments in countries where the Queen of England is still the Sovereign, as the Royal Family and its retainers would like you to believe. Members of the Privy Council, who serve for life, answer to the Queen and carry out her orders. See “Her Majesty’s ‘Prerogative Powers,” in the May 17, 1996 issue of EIR.

Malloch-Brown’s later appointment as chair of the Royal African Society (RAS) in 2013 reflects the continuing esteem with which the British Crown views the work of its lackey, the Royal Family having been the Patrons of the RAS since its founding over 100 years ago.

UN/Manuel Elias

Samantha Power, U.S. Ambassador to the UN, 2013-2017, said that Malloch-Brown was “the principal conduit between Britain and Obama.”

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Obama, Biden, Soros and the

International Crisis Group

It is perhaps not a coincidence that Malloch-Brown was “honored” by appointment to the Privy Council at the time that he was in charge of handling British relations to then-presidential candidate Barack Obama. Obama henchwoman Samantha Power told the Times of London in a February 24, 2008 interview that Malloch-Brown was “the principal conduit between Britain and the candidate” Obama. Obama “came to admire” Malloch-Brown when he was Deputy Secretary General of the United Nations, she reported. Obama “was really taken with him. It is a relationship that has persisted.”

Malloch-Brown’s ties to the Obama-Biden Democrats clearly “persist.” The day after the 2020 presidential election, he re-tweeted a message from Patrick Gaspard, the President of Soros’ Open Society Foundation (on whose board Malloch-Brown sits), which instructed:

Hey Dems, you’re about to retake the Presidency from the hands of this madman. Stop walking around like zombies. Stop the flagellation about all the people who voted for the racist misogynist. Recognize the win. Own it. And do something with it.

With this attitude towards Donald Trump, and his company running a major part of the election of the President of the United States, is it a “conspiracy theory” to think that Malloch-Brown’s Smartmatic might have already been “doing something with it”? Remember his remarks about his Philippine coup-making 35 years ago. Now review the work of the International Crisis Group (ICG), which he and Soros founded in 1995. As usual, Soros put up the money for it, and Malloch-Brown took a leadership position. He continues as its co-chairman today.

By 2000, ICG staff, funding, and activity had been built up such that its then President, Gareth Evans, could accurately describe its operation “as a private Foreign Office, doing things that well-focused and well-resourced governments ought to be doing but often do not.” The ICG’s monthly Crisis Watch bulletin shaped the policy of many governments, operating as had Sawyer-Miller by “controlling the dialogue.” Its official “Our History” page proudly cites Liberal Richard Holbrooke and neo-conservative Richard Armitage on how each equally relied on ICG’s evaluations when they were in government. Ambassador Holbrooke said, “Nothing I saw in government was as good as this.” Deputy Secretary of State Armitage enthused,

I don’t think there’s any other group globally that has the global presence—the global reach—that it has. Crisis Group forced me to get out of my usual thought patterns … listening to a new set of voices and seeing through a new set of eyes.

CC/Chatham House

Gareth Evans, president of the International Crisis Group.

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ICG claims credit for orchestrating such key nodal points in taking down the sovereign nation, as getting acceptance at the UN for the “Responsibility to Protect” (R2P) doctrine concocted to justify such imperial “humanitarian” invasions as that ordered by Barack Obama against Libya, and the Colombian “peace” agreement with the FARC narco-terrorists which de facto legalized drugs.

In 2020, the ICG turned its sights on the United States. Its target: President Donald Trump. For the first time ever, the ICG issued a report on the United States. Its title showed its intention: “The U.S. Presidential Election: Managing the Risks of Violence.”

Directing this operation is ICG’s current President, Robert Malley. Malley had founded the ICG’s Middle East and North Africa program before taking positions in the Obama administration as Special Assistant to the President, Senior Adviser to the President for the Counter-ISIL Campaign, and White House Coordinator for the Middle East, North Africa and the Gulf region. In other words, Malley was advising Obama on the policy of supporting the Muslim Brotherhood and Islamic jihadis, that Gen. Michael Flynn famously denounced.

After the Obama administration was out, Malley went back to the ICG, moving up the ladder rapidly to take up its presidency in 2018.

The ICG U.S. report was issued on Oct. 28, 2020, and claims to have been based on research carried out by its staff from June to October. The “research” must have been minimal; it reads like the reports issued from the Transition Integrity Project’s war games and the media propaganda generally heard in the run-up to the election: Violence is likely to engulf the U.S. around and following the election, and President Trump is the chief cause of this danger through his “rhetoric” that fraud could occur and his “failure” to curb the real paramilitary threat of “white nationalists” while talking about the perhaps-existing Antifa, etc. The importance of the ICG report, however, lies in its call for foreign governments to prepare to intervene against any possible effort by President Trump to charge vote fraud, even before the election had taken place.

This self-proclaimed “private Foreign Office,” directed by Privy Council member Malloch-Brown and financed by George Soros, instructed:

Trump could decide to declare premature victory as part of a strategy to discredit Democratic mail-in ballots. Foreign heads of state and government should not allow themselves to be seen as validators of this tactic regardless of the pressure the White House might exert upon them. …

Should things take a turn for the worse, Washington’s traditional overseas allies may also be in the best position to remind U.S. leaders—both in the executive branch and in Congress—how much is at stake in terms of the country’s global standing and its ability to claim to serve as a model of democratic governance for others. … Should the need arise, those with access to Trump and his inner circles should tell them privately and publicly that they will have no support if they try to interfere with tabulation of results or, in case they lose, the peaceful transfer of power. Others should echo those messages.

The British Crown has gambled everything on succeeding in its drive to ensure the United States comes back under its firm control.

Pulling Mankind Onward

And Upward in Space

by Michael James Carr

NASA

SpaceX/NASA Crew 1 Dragon Resilience, atop its Falcon 9 rocket in the SpaceX hangar at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, before rollout and launch on November 16.

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Nov. 21—Every Renaissance begins in revolt against a Dark Age. After the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, who gave the United States a “crash program” approach to mankind’s journey into space, many people, even in important industries, went along with the idea that industry and agriculture run by inventive production people should be replaced with conglomerated institutions managed by “modern corporate structures and modern rules of business administration and accounting.” Love of invention and production was replaced by love of money and personal “success,” measured and rewarded by the “market.” Economic decisions were to be based upon monetary returns in the short term, above all other bases of judgment.

With JFK gone, British Intelligence’s Tavistock Institute of Human Relations, an early post-War NATO psychological warfare center, issued a 1960s series of reports discussing how to destroy Americans’ remaining optimism about NASA and space travel. NASA’s funds were almost totally cut off by war, even while astronauts were walking on the Moon. That cut-off was never reversed until President Donald Trump began to push NASA upgrades through Congress in 2017.

At last, in 2015-16, inside the United States, the slow but steady destruction of science, technology, industry, agriculture, and general living conditions, and the deliberate creation of costly and unnecessary foreign conflicts—in an environment shaped by circulation of Lyndon LaRouche’s ideas over decades—led to a revolutionary upsurge against this British deindustrialization in the 2016 election. One of LaRouche’s most brilliant and influential ideas was his Moon-Mars mission proposal, presented in 1988 in a nationally televised film, The Woman on Mars.

But before the 2016 political revolt, engineers were looking for ways to outflank the political pressure to shut down progress and industry. Instead of acting politically to overturn eco-fascism directly, engineers, as engineers, sought engineering solutions. As SpaceX founder Elon Musk reported, he didn’t think that the future should be sad. Since the 2016 revolt, President Trump has moved to radically accelerate scientific and technological progress. This is most easily seen in the successful Operation Warp Speed for COVID-19 vaccine development and distribution. But it is also seen in his adoption of a version of the LaRouche Moon-Mars Program for spreading civilization to the Moon and Mars.

On a broader scale, China, after suffering through the consequences of the Cultural Revolution, began seeking out and testing new ideas. After the collapse of markets for its exports in 2008, China’s leadership adopted a version of LaRouche’s idea to redirect its economic policy away from dependency upon exports; China should instead build up its own infrastructure, own market, and concentrate upon raising both the productivity and standard of living of its workforce. China did make such a change. Then, in 2013, Chinese President Xi Jinping announced a set of policies jointly known as the Belt and Road Initiative that closely align with ideas developed and promoted by Lyndon and Helga LaRouche beginning in 1989. It took the successful Chinese domestic infrastructure building program, developed in response to the 2008 crisis, and directed the building process outward across Asia and into Europe and Africa.

From Stasis to Breakout

Let us look back into the past a bit and trace some of the processes which have been building up in intensity to the cusp of a breakout of progress.

The success of Wernher von Braun’s rocket team in Germany, led Stalin to release Sergei Korolev from the Gulag to allow him to create the Soviet rocket program. In turn, Korolev’s success in launching Sputnik led the Eisenhower administration to finally allow von Braun’s rocket team to launch a satellite. Later, Korolev’s success in launching Yuri Gagarin into orbit led President Kennedy to allow von Braun to build the Saturn V moon rocket. It was a counterpoint whose beneficiary was the entire world.

The early deaths of Korolev (in 1966) and von Braun (in 1977) were an irreparable loss to humanity. The rate of change in space technology slowed way down. Imperial tentacles inside the Soviet Union and the USA moved to shut off the spigot of rapid progress—as demanded in Tavistock’s 1967 Rapoport Report. The Soyuz spacecraft attached to the International Space Station (ISS) today, is a derivative of the Soyuz spacecraft and launcher system which was being developed at the time of Korolev’s death. The American shuttle system which built much of the ISS and flew up until 2011 was a compromise on the original design upon which von Braun had been working at the time of his death.

Despite the slowdown in the advancement of space transportation technology, rapid improvement in electronic and communication technologies opened up the possibilities for small satellites to do big jobs. Elon Musk’s plan was to spur public support for NASA and space exploration, by spending a third of his fortune to buy a few old Russian ICBMs with which to launch a little greenhouse to Mars.

Finding that the Russians would not sell, on the way back from his last Moscow trip he started to calculate. The cost of the materials in the required rocket would only be 2% of the cost of the rocket. If he could independently build a small rocket, he might be able to put small satellites into orbit and reinvest the returns received into designing and building bigger and better rockets. He then began to seek out American rocketeers with ideas as well as experience, and founded a company, Space Exploration Technologies, or SpaceX. See “A Real Revolution in Space,” in the June 26, 2020 issue of EIR for more on this history. After three failed launches, in 2008 SpaceX became the first private company to put a small payload into orbit.

Last week, SpaceX, with lots of original ideas and lots of help from NASA, became the first company to transport a crew to the ISS in regular taxi service—quite a feat in a 12-year period.

CC/Thorenn

Comparison of two versions of NASA’s SLS rocket and SpaceX Starship/Superheavy combination with other rockets.

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Next Steps—Starship and Competitors

That is a wonderful accomplishment, but that is not the end goal. SpaceX has been concurrently working on a fully and rapidly reusable family of systems known as the Superheavy/Starship combination. It is to be more powerful than any rocket system ever built before. The eighth prototype of the second stage of this system is to perform a test flight before the end of 2020, in which it is to ascend to an altitude of 15 km and then land back at the launch pad. Fabrication, modification, and testing of prototypes are proceeding rapidly.

Lyndon LaRouche would call these “shock wave” technological effects. Usually physical economists think in terms of cycles: production cycles, product lifetimes, tool lifetimes, worker lifetimes, debt payoff terms, time to breakeven, etc. They all relate to the ultimate measure of economic activity: the increase or decrease in potential relative population-density. In a crash program, such measures, except for this ultimate one, are discarded. Technological attrition (superseding each technology with a better) is accelerated. Ideas are developed into designs, which are built, tested to failure, then rebuilt with an even better approach. Tooling and machinery may be tossed out after only one use. No thought is given to accounting principles. The principle is: Think it, design it, build it, test it, then make it obsolete as fast as you can.

The entire satellite launch industry is being reorganized because of the rapid changes in pricing and capabilities offered by SpaceX. For example, United Launch Alliance (ULA), a joint venture of Boeing and Lockheed Martin, faced certain extinction if it did not reorganize itself to be more competitive.[fn_1] For decades, the United States had launched deep space probes and national security satellites on one or another derivative of the decades-old ULA Atlas or Delta rocket systems. The NASA Perseverance Mars rover launched this summer on a ULA Atlas V rocket.

In order to maintain an assured national security launch capability, ULA was required to maintain two separate rocket production lines offering a total of 40 different launch configurations. ULA’s amazing reliability rates came at a high cost. Since the United States now has another reliable launcher system, ULA is closing the Atlas and Delta lines, replacing the 40 offerings with six to eight versions of a new rocket known as the Vulcan. Among other features, the Vulcan will eject its first stage engines for reuse on later flights.

Vulcan is scheduled for its first launch in early 2021 and, once certified, will become the launch vehicle for Boeing’s Starliner commercial crew system. Also, France’s Arianespace is building the new Ariane 6 rocket with the intent of lowering launch costs by 40% as compared to the Ariane 5. There are many more players in this area, including startups seeking to emulate SpaceX—such as Blue Origin, Rocket Lab, Relativity Space, Astra, SpinLaunch, and many more around the world—each with its own special twist or improvement. Whether legacy companies or startups, they are all struggling to compete with SpaceX. Expendable systems just cannot compete with rapidly reusable systems.

But gain or loss of market share is not the point. From the beginning, Elon Musk expected to lose his investment in SpaceX. His actions were governed by realization of his mortality and a totally normal human intention of accomplishing a mission he had set for himself. In this case it was the mission of contributing to the success of NASA in making civilization multi-planetary.

A new company composed of people with decades of experience working on the ISS project, Axiom Space, has a contract with SpaceX to launch its people to the ISS next year. Axiom will be doing initial space manufacturing tests aboard the ISS, before launching entire manufacturing modules to it, and later detaching a cluster of modules to create the first orbital factory.

The radical drop in the physical cost (physical effort, not money cost) of getting people and machinery into orbit, is opening a whole new range of potentials. The SpaceX Falcon 9 launch system lowered the cost of cargo launches by nearly an order of magnitude. Expect that the Crew Dragon system will accomplish a similar drop in the cost of getting people into orbit. More and more of us are going to be living and working in space!

CC/Nomadd

SpaceX Starship prototype SN8, which will fly to 15 kilometers altitude and land back at the launch site before the end of this year.

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Artemis to the Moon

Notice that we have not yet even begun to discuss the Artemis program. Artemis is an initiative of President Trump (showing his intention to make permanent improvements in civilization). Artemis aims to establish permanent human lunar surface operations by 2028 that will underpin and facilitate the human exploration of the surface of Mars. The Artemis program’s Space Launch System (SLS) rocket will undergo rocket test firing before the end of this year and in 2021 will launch an unmanned NASA/Lockheed Martin Orion spacecraft around the Moon in the rocket’s first test in space. Next, development of a new lunar lander is necessary.

As in the case of NASA’s commercial crew program for the ISS, NASA is intending to contribute only part of the development costs associated with development of two competing lunar lander designs. The final designs have not yet been picked from the three still in the running. And Congress only partially funded NASA’s request for lunar lander work in 2021. The human lunar lander derivative of the SpaceX Starship/Superheavy system may or may not be selected for further development by NASA’s Artemis program. But the Starship system with its on-orbit refueling ability will provide the capability of delivering huge cargo loads to the lunar or martian surface at very low costs relative to anything else in the near future.

NASA

The core stage of the first Space Launch System (SLS) rocket being prepared for a test firing by the end of this year. It will launch an unmanned Orion spacecraft around the Moon next year on its first test flight.

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Beyond the initial steps to get people back to the Moon, Artemis requires fundamentally new technologies to (1) power operations on the Moon or Mars, and (2) provide continuous powered flight (continuous acceleration/deceleration) to speed up travel through high-radiation deep space and thereby minimize radiation health risks to astronauts.

The NASA/Idaho National Laboratory Kilopower project, to build small nuclear reactors up to the 10-kilowatt size to power Moon or Mars surface operations, could be available in time to power lunar surface operations. This should be accelerated along with NASA’s work to produce a nuclear thermal rocket (NTR) engine. NTR engines give roughly twice the specific impulse (or thrust per unit of propellant, as compared to chemical rockets. These space projects are also related to the development of small modular reactors (SMRs) by a number of companies (for example NuScale Power) in several countries. All of these projects have been given new life under President Trump’s initiative.

If we are to settle Mars, we will need a further leap of energy-flux density in power sources. We will need fusion power for surface operations as well as flight times to Mars of weeks instead of months. We will need electromagnetic launchers and spaceplanes—plus technologies of which we haven’t a clue today. See “Moon-Mars Crash Program Under a Four-Power Agreement,” in the October 26, 2018 issue of EIR for a review of some of the revolutionary new technologies that must be developed to enable mankind to become truly multi-planetary.

NASA/Aubrey Gemignani

Representatives of Congress and the National Space Council join President Donald Trump, Apollo astronaut Jack Schmitt, and current NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson for the President’s signing of Space Policy Directive 1, recommitting the nation to a manned space program.

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We have been blessed by people like Lyndon LaRouche, Elon Musk, Donald Trump, and Xi Jinping, who have acted to begin to move society out of imperial stasis and toward a new Renaissance. Many more, whose names remain little known, have also acted in that direction. Now the future is in our hands. We must act to finally close down the imperial operations still running loose in the world and allow President Trump, President Xi, President Putin, and Prime Minister Modi to sit down and work out a New Bretton Woods agreement, along with a division of labor that will allow the settlement and development of Mars, even as we settle and develop the barren lands of Earth.

[fn_1] Musk has had a similar effect upon the auto industry. Despite the inherent superiority of electric motors over steam or internal combustion engines, Thomas Edison’s failure to solve the battery problem forced his friend, Henry Ford, to give up on electric cars and proceed to develop and mass produce gasoline powered cars. The advent of Lithium-ion batteries made battery powered cars a possibility. Musk invested a second third of his fortune in a little company called Tesla and by 2011 produced the Model S, whose performance characteristics were superior to, or at least comparable to, those of the most expensive production cars in the world. Many believed that the Model S was the best sedan of any type in the world.

This car changed everything. Suddenly, GM, Volvo, and VW announced they were planning to produce nothing but battery or fuel-cell electric motor vehicles in the medium-term future. Musk’s recent announcement of new battery technologies soon to be in every Tesla, will lead to pricing parity between Teslas and comparable internal combustion cars. The huge advantage battery powered cars also have in maintenance and fuel costs will soon make battery powered cars the preferred choice of buyers in most situations. [back to text for fn_1]

Visit larouchelegacyfoundation.org

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September 28, 1987

The Deeper Grounds for

Philosophical Doubts Respecting

the Existence of ‘Joe Biden’

by Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr.

This is the second, concluding part of a paper by Lyndon H. LaRouche that analyzes the character of Joe Biden—written 33 years ago. Part 1 was published in our November 20, 2020 issue. This paper is even more crucial today than it was in 1987. It was originally published by the LaRouche Democratic Campaign (LDC), candidate Lyndon LaRouche’s campaign committee for the Democratic Party’s nomination for President.

Left: Engraving by Ambroise Tardieu

All politics is reducible essentially to either the oligarchical model, derived from the laws of Lycurgus of Sparta (left), or the republican model, represented by the reforms of Solon of Athens (right).

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Solon vs. Lycurgus

The leading western European defender of the American Revolution was the historian, dramatist, and poet Friedrich Schiller. During his service as Professor of History at the University of Jena, Schiller issued a short paper to guide students in their approach to elaborating western European history as a whole. He advised the students that all western European history can be made intelligible as a whole, by aid of reference to two opposing philosophies of law, the one exemplified by the reforms of Solon of Athens, and the opposing one the defense of slave-society in the laws attributed to the mythical founder of Sparta, Lycurgus.

Although Schiller’s thesis does not address the broader context of the Persian wars, in which the opposing systems of Sparta and Athens came into existence, the thesis itself is an accurate one. Every leading political current in the entirety of western European history since Solon, has been one of three types: 1) The republican model continuing the essence of Solon’s reforms, 2) The “oligarchical” model, continuing the essence of Spartan law; and, 3) The Dionysiac model of radical revolutionary chaos, as typified in modern times by the rise of fascism and bolshevism out of Jacobinism and anarchism. Since the Dionysiac “new age” movements were always instruments of policy of the oligarchical faction, over more than 2,500 years to date, all politics is reduced essentially to one of two varieties, republicanism versus oligarchism.

Western European civilization begins with Homer, with the revival of classical Greece from a preceding dark age of illiteracy. Classical Greece’s political heritage for us today begins with the constitutions of the Ionian city-state republics. The achievement of those constitutions was given continuity into modern times in 599 B.C., by the forms introduced to Athens by Solon. The link between Solon’s reforms and the 1776 U.S. Declaration of Independence is provided by the writings of Aeschylos and Plato, and by the introduction of western European Christian statecraft in the writings of St. Augustine.

The link between Solon’s reforms and the U.S. Declaration of Independence is provided not only by the writings of Aeschylos and Plato, but also crucially by St. Augustine’s notion of the relationship between the micro-cosmic, individual human personality and the Creator. Shown, St. Augustine in His Study, by Sandro Botticelli.

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In politics, as distinct from religion, we often say that our heritage is that of western European Judeo-Christian civilization. The reference to Judaism includes emphasis on Moses, and upon the efforts of Philo of Alexandria to free Judaism from the alien relics of Mesopotamian captivities and imposed syncretisms.

“Judeo-Christian” also signifies the collaboration between St. Peter and Philo against Simon The Magician in Rome, and the adoption, in large degree, of the Christian notion of the individual personality by western European Judaism of Spain, Italy, France, and Prussia. The Christian of western European culture recognizes the New Testament’s view of Moses, and utters “Judeo-Christian” in that sense.

This emphasis upon “Judeo-Christian” is of special importance to us in the United States, because of our separation of church from state; our statecraft, our law, is not that of some religious denomination, but is, rather, an ecumenical statecraft, predominantly Christian, but also rightly named “Judeo-Christian” in the sense of the ecumenical dialogue of Cardinal Nicholas of Cusa, De Pace Fidei.

There is one point of significant difference between natural law as defined by Plato and St. Augustine, as St. Augustine emphasizes in a famous letter qualifying his general agreement with Plato’s method. The divinity of Christ, as underscored by the Filioque of the Latin Creed, defines the individual human personality in a new, essential way, unlike the notion of the human individual in all other religions; the lack of this is the single, pervasive flaw in Plato’s work. Otherwise, with that qualification taken into account, we must recognize a continuity of western civilization’s notion of natural law, from Solon, through Aeschylos, Plato, St. Augustine, Dante Alighieri, Cusa, Leibniz, Cotton Mather, Friedrich Schiller, et al.

We republicans in the footsteps of our Declaration of Independence and Federal Constitution today, are a continuation of that heritage of natural law. The only important political issue, is the opposition between the appropriate application of our heritage to current realities, and that of all opposing political currents, chiefly the oligarchical formalists and their use of radical-dionysiac instrumentalities. The latter include today’s “radical ecologists” and terrorists as well as the oligarchical Soviet model.

The point to be made clear in this report is twofold. First, the nature of those differences. Second, the way in which non-linearity arises in the political process; this point is made clear by exposing the non-linearity intrinsic to natural law itself. We are at this point, occupied with elaborating the background knowledge essential to understanding those points to be made.

What I have to emphasize here respecting the bearing of natural law upon today’s U.S. politics and strategic policymaking is the fact that natural law is susceptible of a comprehensive sort of intelligible representation which is as rigorous as a mathematical physics. Before coming to that, I must clarify what Schiller’s treatment of Solon and Lycurgus omits, the significance of the “Persian wars.” The essential relevance of what might wrongly appear to be digressions, will be made clear enough in due course.

Western European civilization’s rise, beginning with the constitutions of the Ionian city-state republics, is a revolution in the history of mankind, a process of rise to a new condition of mankind higher in quality, more appropriate for the human species as a whole than any other current originating in other regions of the world. However, this emergence did not simply drop out of nowhere; it represented a solution to the devastating problem which confronted mankind in every part of this planet earlier.

The earliest known roots of the conflict leading into the birth of western European civilization, is the conflict between the Indo-European, Vedic culture coming into India out of Central Asia, and the degenerated “Harappan” civilization then dominating the Dravidian population of the Indian sub-continent. Our principal means for adducing a rigorous picture of that Central Asian Indo-European Vedic culture are, the comparative study of the solar-astronomical content of ancient Vedic hymns shown to date from no later than sometime during the period 6,000-4,000 B.C. in Central Asia, and those remarkable features of the Vedic-derived Sanskrit examined by the philologist Panini circa 500 B.C.

This understanding of the Vedic-“Harappan” conflict is the principal key to the characteristic features of the internal history of ancient Egypt, and the conflict between the “Golden Age” current in Egypt against both what became known as the Hellenistic “Isis-Osiris-Horus” cult in Egypt, and also between Egypt and the states of ancient Mesopotamia and Phoenicia. It is that set of conflicts which is key to the rise of classical Greece during the period beginning approximately 800 B.C., and hence key to the rise of western European civilization as a whole.

CC/BabelStone

The “Harappan” deity Shakti, known in Hellenistic Egypt as Isis.

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The “Harappan” culture was associated with the worship of two key pagan deities, the Earth-mother and lunar goddess, “Shakti,” and her phallus-god son and lover, Siva. This “Harappan” culture established major colonies at Sumer, where the Dravidian “Harappans” were known as “the black-headed people.” Sheba, in southern Arabia, and ancient Ethiopia were also “Harappan” colonies.

With the collapse of Sumer, echoing the Indo-European defeat of the “Harappans” in northern India, the Semitic colonial subjects of the Sumerians established a culture in Mesopotamia based on the “Harappan” model. The “Harappan” Shakti assumed the Semitic dialectal name of “Ishtar” in Mesopotamia. Shakti became the “Athtar” of Sheba, the “Astarte” of the Philistines, and the “Isis” of Hellenistic Egypt. She also appeared as the “Cybele” of the Phrygian Dionysiac cults.

Prior to the “dark age” sweeping much of the planet near the beginning of the first millennium B.C., the anti-Isis faction in Egypt sponsored the Israelites as a marcher-state against the Philistines and Mesopotamians, and reestablished Athens. Later, as the Mediterranean emerged from that dark age, about 800 B.C., this force in Egypt fostered the rise of literacy in classical Greece, sponsored the Ionian Greeks against the Phoenicians, and the Greek colonies in southern Italy against the western Phoenicians, the Carthaginians.

Much as England’s Robert Dudley and others of the western European republican faction proposed the colonization of the Americas, to tilt the balance of forces within European civilization, these Egyptians sponsored the rise of Greek civilization as a force to tilt the balance against the Mesopotamians and Phoenicians. Here is an ancient example of great statesmanship on its true scale of historic action.

By the time of Plato, this process produced an alliance between the remains of the Golden Age faction of Egypt, then centered in the Cyrenaic temple of Ammon, and Plato’s Academy at Athens. Briefly, shortly after Plato’s death, the alliance between the Academy and the Cyrenaic temple of Ammon brought Alexander the Great to power in Macedon, and accomplished the destruction of Phoenician Tyre and of the Mesopotamian empire. Alexander’s assassination by poisoning, brought that great project to an end, paving the way for the rise of the later empire of the Roman legions. However, the roots of western European civilization were established as a force, to become part of a much greater force through Jesus Christ and His Apostles.

In the effort to eliminate the Greek obstacle, both the Mesopotamians and Phoenicians established their own colonies in Greece, most notably the Cult of Apollo (Horus, Lucifer) at Delphi and Delos, and the homosexual cult-state of Cadmean Thebes. Sparta was a creation of the Cult of Apollo.

With the re-subjugation of the revolting Ionians by the Achaemenid Empire, the Ionian republicans shifted the center of their power to Athens. From that point on, there was a continued struggle between the Persian-Phoenician-sponsored faction at Athens, the oligarchical faction typified by its ritual assassination of Socrates, and the role of the Cult of Apollo in orchestrating the conflicts among Sparta, Athens, and Thebes.

Dick van Baburen, 1623

The Olympian gods were monstrously immoral creatures, playing dirty tricks upon themselves and poor mortals. Shown, Prometheus Being Chained by Vulcan.

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Within Greek society, the chief ideological weapon of the oligarchical faction was the cult of Mount Olympus and its putative gods. The Egyptian scribe Manetho and the Roman historian Diodorus Siculus report on the Moroccan origins of this Olympus cult. Aeschylus addresses this cult’s evil role directly in his Prometheus tragedy, of which only the first part, Prometheus Bound, survives. These gods of Olympus are the paradigm of oligarchical politics in western European civilization, to the present day. For related reasons, Aeschylus’ tragedies, notably his ‘Prometheus Bound’, have been a focal subject-matter of western European republican poets, dramatists, and scholars, to the present day.

These Olympian gods were monstrously immoral creatures, playing dirty tricks upon themselves and poor mortals, like the leading families of Venice to the present day. In Prometheus Bound, Prometheus informs the Olympians that they are no true gods, but merely potencies which have set themselves up in hubristic opposition to the true God, by Whose Will they shall be toppled and destroyed. In this, Prometheus Bound prefigures the Apocalypse of St. John.

In Christianity, Mary’s willful acceptance of the instruction to bear the Son of God, and the divinity of Christ as affirmed by the Augustinian Filioque of the Latin Creed, defines the human personality as rightly become Promethean through the intercession of Christ. We are endowed with the divine spark of reason, to receive the Logos incarnate in Christ, from Christ, by the agency of that divine spark of reason in ourselves, and to become as if reborn by so doing.

Thus, we become qualified for representative forms of self-government, by means of knowing the natural law as the guide to our policies and related decisions.

Our enemy, from the beginning, is the “Whore of Babylon,” Shakti, Ishtar, Isis, Astarte, Cybele, Venus. Our enemy incarnate is Siva, Satan, Osiris, Lucifer, and so on, and those, like the Roman emperors Augustus, Tiberius, Nero, Diocletian, and would-be new-Roman emperor Mikhail Gorbachev, who wear the mark of the beast, Satan. Those who wore this “mark of the beast” were once known as the “Chaldeans,” the priest-caste which orchestrated the rise and fall of the empires of Mesopotamia. In the time of classical Greece and the Roman empires, the Chaldeans were known as the Magi “(“magicians”), an institution continued into modern times as the Sufi cults centered in Syria.

It was the Magi who controlled that Democratic Party of Athens, which ordered the trial and death of Socrates, and the Magi who later entered into the pact with Caesar Augustus establishing Capri as the western center of the Cult of Mithra and Rome as the nominal capital of the empire of the Roman legions. Thus, in the time of Christ, St. John, and St. Augustine, it was the evil which was the Roman Empire, its customs, its laws, its ethics, its politics, which was the Anti-Christ, as the imitation of that culture, in the West and in Moscow, which is the Anti-Christ of today: the evil that was ancient Mesopotamia and its Whore of Babylon, incarnate today.

It was western Christianity rallied by St. Augustine’s work, which overthrew the legacy of Roman culture in the West, to such effect that the Filioque has become the dividing-line between the quasi-Mesopotamian East and Western Civilization in European culture since the time of St. Augustine. So, the spread of Christianity from Rome into the Slavic East, as opposed to the anti-Western, gnostic church of Muscovy, is today the borderland of the global apocalyptic conflict.

Do professed Christians believe that Christ born to Mary is the Son of God, the Logos Incarnate, from whom the Logos flows as from the Creator, and this to such effect that the divine spark of reason within the person is able to know the Will of God, natural law, through the interceding part of Christ? Politically, are we capable of rendering intelligible to ourselves, not only that lawful ordering of Creation embedded in our universe, but of the individual person’s intended place in that Creation? If we reject that guidance of our affairs, we reject that which sets us above the beasts, and become as beasts.

LoC

The founders of our republic recognized the Christian meaning of natural law, as anti-empiricist, and anti-Cartesian. Shown, The Declaration Committee. Left to right: Thomas Jefferson, Roger Sherman, Benjamin Franklin, Robert Livingston, and John Adams.

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Thus, our 1776 Declaration of Independence appealed to the authority of a natural law above the will of governments, treaty-agreement, and mere opinion, to establish our republic as a perfectly sovereign order in representative self-government. So, as neither the putative “leftists,” “liberals,” or Judge Robert H. Bork have understood, the authority of natural law adopted by our Declaration of Independence, is embedded in the statement of purposes for formation of a “more perfect union,” in that Preamble which states the intent subsuming all other parts of our Federal Constitution and its attached amendments.

That Federalist-Whig politics is my politics, my democratic republicanism.

Reason & Natural Law

The notion of the relationship between the microcosmic human personality and the Creator, elaborated by St. Augustine and by Cusa later, and the situation of that personality in the lawfully ordered macrocosm of the universe at large, constitutes for us the notion of natural law. Although the British empiricists, beginning with Bacon, Hobbes, Locke, and Hume, have used the term, “natural law,” in an anti-Christian way, the founders of our republic recognized the Christian meaning of natural law. The latter is the anti-empiricist, anti-Cartesian meaning of the term which I employ here.

Apart from being the only right choice morally, policy-making shaping by natural law is the only guide to action in which the ultimate consequences are in agreement with the nation’s intended choice of action. This connection is defined by the fact that only natural law comprehends the connection between cause and effect in our universe; only policies defined in rigorous consistency with natural law are scientifically sound.

Johann Gottlieb Becker

Immanuel Kant argued that while creation might exist in the universe, the mind of man could not know creativity as an intelligible proposition.

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This application of natural law has two aspects. In one aspect, it pertains to the laws of the physical universe. In the second aspect, it pertains to the successfully continued existence of the human species in that universe. The first aspect is one which any intelligent and literate member of western European civilization will tend readily to accept. Fewer today recognize so readily the nature of the second aspect, mankind’s place in natural law. The central difficulty which often prevents dedicated men and women from understanding natural law, is a difficulty which Immanuel Kant emphasized in the last of his Critiques, The Critique of Judgment. Kant insisted there, as he had done throughout his earlier publications, that while creation might exist in the universe, the mind of man could not know creativity as an intelligible proposition. Kant’s argument is premised upon a fundamental error of method, but is nonetheless typical of the blunders inherent in a formal logical method, such as that of Aristotle.

If we assume that mankind ever lived in what ethnologists term “a hunting-and-gathering society,” it is shown that an average of about ten square kilometers of the Earth’s land-area would be required to sustain an average individual in even a very wretched and precarious mode of existence. In other words, the total population of the human species could not have exceeded approximately ten millions individuals.

We have today over five billions persons. Even with established technologies, we could sustain ten or more billions at a standard of living comparable to that in western Europe and North America during the earliest 1970s. With new technologies now in process of development, tens of billions could be sustained at a much higher standard of living than in any part of the world today. There is no “over-population,” but merely underdevelopment.

The life-expectancy of the individual in “hunting-and-gathering society” would be significantly less than twenty years on the average. Today, with progress in mastery of diseases of aging of tissues, life-expectancies are reaching toward the eighties, and foreseeably toward as high as 120 years and beyond. In market-basket terms, measured in caloric content of production, or, better, energy-density terms of reference, the standard of living is hundreds of times that available to primitive mankind.

These kinds of improvements in the potential population-density of society, and of quality of life of the individual, are results of a quality of human activity impossible for the beasts. No species of beast can willfully increase its potential population-density, for example, whereas mankind has increased its population-density by three orders of magnitude. Only mankind can willfully change its species’ behavior to such effect. This change is epitomized by scientific and technological progress.

Those changes in behavior are the consequence of revolutions in mankind’s conception of the lawful ordering of nature, revolutions typified by the image of scientific and technological revolutions. By its nature, a scientific revolution originates as a non-linear act of the mind. a truly creative action. So, such scientific revolutions are the most typical representation of what we ought to signify by the term creativity.

This supplies the following meaning to natural law. First, natural law means foreknowing the consequences of our actions upon nature, and selecting those consequences beneficial to mankind at large. Second, natural law signifies the fostering of the development of the condition of the average human individual, to the effect of fostering the individual’s more advanced capacity for what we recognize as creative advances in science and technology. The two, taken together, define the development of the quality of the human individual to such effects as the law of society, natural law.

The non-linearity of social processes, as social processes, is traced most immediately to this “functional” distinction between man and the beasts. The quality of the human mind, through means of which mankind is enabled to alter its behavior in such a mode as to increase mankind’s potential population-density, with an associated increase of longevity and quality of material existence, is that which sets mankind categorically above the beasts. It is the promotion of this quality of creativity in the individual person, and in society more generally, which is the center of the application of the principle of natural law to the guidance of the institutions of representative self-government.

We must measure the performance of government, and of nations, accordingly. How do the choices of policies of government serve, or fail to serve this imperative? How does the conduct of the affairs of one nation affect the fulfilment of these requirements of natural law within the human family at large?

Are there persons poor and oppressed, in our own nation, or abroad? We must tolerate no policy which fosters such denial of natural rights, and must seek better policies which foster the amelioration of such conditions. Any principle of law or policy which works to the contrary effect, is an obscenity, as Adam Smith’s immoral dogmas of toleration of usury and drug-trafficking for the sake of “free trade” are such an abomination in the sight of God, as “free trade” itself is such an abomination in God’s eyes.

So, individual human life is sacred, and may be taken away only in acts such as those of justified warfare, or to defend life and the natural rights of living persons. Thus, in the conduct of war, it is morally imperative to act as did General Douglas MacArthur in the Pacific: to obtain victory with the least expenditure of the lives of our own and enemy forces, and at the greatest speed. Victory with the least loss of life by both parties is the moral law in warfare.

Left: John Linnell

The liberal dogmas of population-control and obstruction of technological progress, as promulgated by Thomas Malthus (left), and a toleration of usury and drug-trafficking for the sake of “free trade,” as promulgated by Adam Smith (right), are both hideous abominations to Man and to God.

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For the same reason, Malthusianism, including neo-Malthusian policies of population-control and obstruction of technological progress, are hideous abominations in the sight of God. Any principle of law advanced in defense of such abominable policies, is an abominable principle, which must be struck down, lest the judge or other political official who upholds an abomination be judged wicked on this account. Let no Malthusian be called a Christian, or government decisions consistent with Malthusianism be regarded as anything but hideous attacks upon constitutional law. No Malthusian or related thinking should be tolerated in our institutions of government.

It is essential to put the two aspects of the natural law into a single conception. What is the interdependency between scientific and technological progress and the primary imperative of development of the condition of the individual person? Essentially, that which is necessary to promote the development of the individual and that person’s condition, is morally imperative. Since this can not be accomplished without the promotion of proliferating scientific and technological progress, scientific and technological progress become a dependent, but uncompromisable moral imperative.

It is also imperative to promote the relative power of good nations above those of nations which are either evil or merely amoral, and to do this for the sake of present and future generations of humanity as a whole.

NARA

In the conduct of a justified war, it is morally imperative to obtain victory with the least expenditure of human life on both sides, and with the greatest speed, as did General Douglas MacArthur. Here, he is shown returning to the Philippines in October 1944.

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This pertains to the personality of nations. As the individual is to his or her nation, so the individual nation is among nations. Every moral nation must adopt a moral purpose for its existence among nations. Ours, from the beginning, was to become a beacon of hope and temple of liberty for all mankind; indeed, to this day, our nation’s security for the peaceful conduct of its internal affairs depends upon this. As our nation pursues that commitment efficiently, so each person within our nation enjoys the personal moral advantage of being part of that goodness of our nation for humanity as a whole.

From this vantage-point, scientific progress is a necessary, but dependent good, and a moral imperative because it embodies the service of the good in this way. Yet, the goodness of scientific truth has another aspect.

To love God, is to love mankind for God’s sake. To love God, is also to love truth, to be imbued with a passion for truth. This becomes clearer to us as mankind prepares to colonize space. We shall now prepare to colonize space, even for no higher reason than that discoveries bearing upon the improvement of life on Earth demand this. Yet, finding ourselves impelled in that direction, we must ask ourselves what new role mankind is beginning to assume? We are becoming mankind in the universe, rather than merely the inhabitants of this planet of ours. Some new duty awaits us there. We do not know what that duty is, but we may be certain it will confront us at some appropriate time.

We may speculate, that perhaps it is intended that our species shall come into the time it must “garden” our universe as it has been so far our imperative to “garden” this home planet of ours. Even to preserve life in this solar system, many centuries down the line, we must do something of that sort. The task, however distant it may be, yet looms; we must prepare, morally and intellectually, as well as in the conduct of our labor, for whatever our mission might become.

Such speculations put aside, it remains the fact, that not to know scientific truth less imperfectly than we do, maintains a greater distinct between our will and that of the Creator. In that degree, the improvement of scientific knowledge is an absolute kind of moral kind for the mind of the person, and for the guidance of society in making of its policy.

Similarly, we are now confronted with a new pandemic, AIDS, for which there is no known cure. It is an infection capable of rendering the human species extinct. It is caused by one of the most rapidly mutating kinds of viruses we have yet known; it is a new kind of infection in the experience of mankind, involving principles of biology beyond our present knowledge. If we fail to master the needed new knowledge in this respect, our species might become extinct. We could have mastered this knowledge earlier, had we fostered already existing, relevant directions of scientific research. So, AIDS illustrates the point, that the toleration of ignorance is a moral crime.

Non-Linearity

So, creativity pertains to the divine, to that which sets mankind above the beasts, and to the rule of society by the natural law. There can be no adequate politics without first rendering the notion of creativity intelligible for mankind.

This brings us to Kant’s error in his Critique of Judgment, his denial that creativity could be made intelligible to mankind.

The strength of Kant’s argument is that he appears to rely entirely upon Aristotelean formal logic. Among all who have denied the intelligibility of creativity, Kant is most notable because of the thorough consistency of his formal arguments. It is true, that in formal logic, creativity does not exist.

In formal logic creation occurs only in the form of something existing in one instant, which did not exist in the preceding instant. The logician assigns the term “creation” to some mysterious agency lying between those two instants; yet, the word “creation” has no intelligible meaning for him. He can not supply an intelligible representation of what has occurred between those two instants, to cause something not existing in the first to exist in the second.

Formal logic has the same disability when confronted with the term life. In molecular biology, the question whether an organic process is living, or not, can be shown in much the same way formal logic defines creation. It can be shown, that in successive instants a living process has the quality called negative entropy (negentropy), and that, on this scale of measurement, only living processes exhibit this behavior. Non-living and dying processes are characterized by the opposite quality, entropy. However, a formal molecular biology has the same, axiomatic difficulty in discovering what lies between the two successive instants so compared, as in attempting to define the term creation.

The beginning of a modern solution to these two related problems was supplied in Nicolaus of Cusa’s 1440 De Docta Ignorantia (Of Learned Ignorance). Cusa there introduced what became known later as a principle of physical least action, which appears in Cusa’s work as a Maximum Minimum principle.

At this point, we must become technical. Without reference to these technical points, it is impossible to provide the reader an adequate picture of the problem of non-linearity. We can only keep the matter as simple as possible, hoping that the general reader will see the gist of our argument, while indicating the nature of the proof of our argument to the relevant professionals. Although some of what we report might appear to be peculiarly a physics matter, it is also indispensable for understanding the problem of non-linearity as this applies to strategy and politics generally.

Nicholas of Cusa (above) first provided a non-formal definition of creation in his negentropic Maximum Minimum principle. Later, Fra Luca Pacioli (below), collaborating with Leonardo da Vinci, achieved a rigorous, if not yet adequate definition of the distinction between living and non-living things.

Attributed to Jacopo de’ Barbari, 1495.

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What Cusa established was the foundations of a “non-Euclidean geometry.” This term signifies that the system of formal deduction from sets of axioms and postulates is discarded, and geometry defined solely in terms of a single principle of construction, based upon no axiom or postulate but the single principle of physical least action. In such a non-Euclidean geometry of physics, so developed, creation and life are susceptible of an explicit form of intelligible representation, as this is not possible in formal logic. The solution made implicitly accessible in this way, was not developed all at once, and the work in this direction is not completed to the present time; in principle, the axiomatic difficulties of formal logic are overcome.

Rather than measuring processes in terms of comparisons of discrete linear magnitudes, we start with the geometrical notion of the least (physical) perimetric action required to generate the relatively maximum area or volume, and base the intelligible representation of all real propositions in geometry and physics on nothing but this principle of what is best named “physical topology.” Instead of comparing two successive instants, we focus directly upon the action efficiently connecting those instants. All the solutions so obtained are non-linear in the mathematical sense of distinction between linear and non-linear processes and their corresponding mathematical-functional representations.

This and related work of Cusa led directly to an Earth-shaking collaboration in the founding of modern science, by Fra Luca Pacioli and Leonardo da Vinci, at Milan, Italy, during the last decades of the fifteenth century. Among the leading accomplishments achieved, was a rigorous, if not yet adequate definition of the distinction between living and non-living processes.

Prior to Pacioli and Leonardo, the description of living processes was that supplied by Leonardo of Pisa, the so-called “Fibonacci-numbers series” used to represent the increase of population of living species. Fibonacci series are useful descriptions, but suffer the characteristic problems we have identified for formal logic. Pacioli and Leonardo restated this in the implicitly non-linear (non-Euclidean) terms of Cusa’s method, in terms of physical least action. They reported the fact, that all living processes are characterized morphologically by harmonic patterns of growth and movement congruent with the construction of the circle’s Golden Section.

CC/Dicklyon

CC/Jitze Couperus

All living processes are characterized morphologically by harmonic patterns of growth and movement, congruent with the construction of the Golden Section. Above, a Fibonacci spiral, and below, a cross-section of a chambered nautilus shell.

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Since the founding of a comprehensive mathematical physics by Johannes Kepler, we know that the laws of the universe are also harmonically congruent with the Golden Section. More recently, we know this is also true on the scale of microphysics, the scale of atomic and smaller phase spaces. However, between those extremes of scale, any process which is harmonically congruent with the Golden Section is either a living process or a special class of work done by a living process; all other processes, between these extremes, are non-living processes.

The two kinds of processes would tend to be distinguished by modern statistical thermodynamics, such that the processes harmonically congruent with the Golden Section are seen as negentropic, and those not so congruent as entropic. The fault with statistical thermodynamics, is that it is a form of mathematics derived from formal (deductive) logic; it is therefore linear, and is therefore incapable of representing what happens between the instants of an ordering to cause that ordering to assume the form it does. The term negentropic identifies the common characteristic quality of creation and life, an axiomatically non-linear quality.

In elementary non-Euclidean physics, physical least-action is associated with the simplest conceivable form of isoperimetric action, what is called multiply-connected circular action. Gauss and his successors introduced a higher form of least action, multiply-connected, self-similar-spiral action, associated with the image of the self-similar spiral on a cone and the projected plane images of such conic action. So, beginning with the work of Gauss, we have the ability to construct intelligible representations of non-linear processes, to explain why Kepler’s physics succeeds as it does, and why living processes’ negentropic behavior is as it appears.

In modern physics, we signify by non-linear a continuous mathematical function for a physical process which is marked by the generation of what appear to formal-logical mathematics as local (topological) discontinuities. This problem in Gaussian topology was the subject of the principal work of Lejeune Dirichlet and Karl Weierstrass. Out of this came what is known as Dirichlet’s Principle of topology, which became, in, the hands of Riemann, the general approach for rendering intelligible all principled features of non-linear functions in mathematical physics.

This area of inquiry is the central feature of my own work in economic science, especially my work in a branch of economics founded by Gottfried Leibniz, called “physical economy” or “technology.” This point of intersection between mathematical physics and political-economy, is the key to an intelligible representation of the reasons political processes are intrinsically non-linear. A summation of the effect of scientific revolutions upon real rates of growth of productivity in economic processes shows the connection most simply.

From the standpoint of formal logic, any fundamental discovery in physical science is shown to represent the equivalent of change in one or more of the underlying axioms and postulates underlying accepted physics. This is the same effect produced by any among Plato’s Socratic dialogues. This is the way non-linearity is best understood from the standpoint of reference of a formal mathematical logic.

To the formalist, it appears that the old physics works adequately up to a limit, at which it breaks down as a reliable predictor of experimental behavior. Then, by means of an alteration in the set of axioms and postulates, a new physics enables us to continue successfully, beyond that point of breakdown, until the next point of breakdown. Each of the successive, formalist schemas so represented is internally linear. The region of breakdown is the discontinuity, the creative transition which linear physics can not render intelligible.

Left: LoC

Carl Friedrich Gauss and his successors introduced a higher form of least action—multiply-connected, self-similar spiral action (shown at right), and thus gave us the ability to construct intelligible representations of non-linear processes.

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So, it must appear, that non-linearity signifies a method of predicting such breakdowns, and also predicting the new kind of physics-schema which will enable the physicist to trace the continuation of that process beyond the apparent discontinuity. In other words, what the formalist sees as the generation of a discontinuity, is not really a fault of physics, but of the mathematics used in the effort to explain the physical process. The physical process is continuous, through and beyond the mathematical discontinuity; thus, we require a new mathematics, capable of constructing functions which are as continuous as the physical processes they are adopted to represent.

In physics, we substitute for the term discontinuity, singularity. What we require, in the language of Cantor, is a notion of transfinite functions, which measure the increase of density of occurrence of such discontinuities for some arbitrarily small interval of action of a continuous process.

Mentally, what physics requires is a principle which represents an ordered process of successive scientific discoveries. In other words, a functional statement of the scientific-creative mental process itself. Just as, in more pedestrian physics, we must show an experimental correspondence between the formulations and the physical results, so, in mapping the mental process of discovery, we must show that the successive discoveries so ordered each correspond to a higher degree of mankind’s mastery of nature than the preceding level of knowledge.

What I have accomplished through my own discoveries in economic science, is to define the interdependency of increase of potential population-density with not only advances in technology, but the correlation between the possibility of advances in technology and increase of both the energy-density and energy-flux density of energy supplied to human activity. The increase of the relative and absolute power of nations, in total, per-capita, and per unit of land-area, is determined in this way. Thus, as the increase or decrease of this power determines the relative and absolute conditions of nations and persons, so the results of policies are measurable.

The functions for physical economy so defined are non-linear; hence, the making of policy, and the consequences of choices of policy, as their reality is measurable in such terms of physical economy, embodies the same non-linearity.

Linearity & Mysticism

In the history of mankind, irrationalist politics occurs in two general forms. The extreme case, is the absolutely irrational form of pure individualistic hedonism: the blind adherence to what appear to be instinctive impulses for immediate pleasure and avoidance of pain as the only rule. Mysticism also appears in the guise of formal logic, as the cases of Rene Descartes and Immanuel Kant illustrate this. Formal logic mystifies that of which it is incapable of supplying intelligible representation, as the problems of defining creation and life exemplify this axiomatic difficulty of formal deduction. As for Descartes and Kant, for all formalism, the location of irrationalist mysticism is the empty cracks between the instants deductively compared.

Excepting the proliferations of some mystical religious, astrological, and satanic cults, until the emergence of the “New Age” ideologies during this century, all mysticism in the mainstream of our political life has been of the Cartesian or Kantian form. Thus, the eighteenth-century, Cartesian “materialist” Enlightenment, including Kantianism and British empiricism, gave birth to the mystical mythologies of “left,” “center,” and “right.”

Those ideologies conceded the empirical reality of the instants, and were rational in that formalist’s sense. They differed in their ideological conceits, conceits which purported to explain the mysterious causal factors lying between the empirical instants. The belief in Adam Smith’s “Invisible Hand,” is an example of such irrationalist mysticism of the political ideologues.

It is the mystical domain of the in-betweennesses on which the ideologues project their arbitrary, mystical choices of values.

The shaping of American ideologies, until the recent rise of the “New Age” cults, has been governed by the fact that our society was ruled by a combination of republican and oligarchical currents. In the effort to reach a durable accommodation between the two opposing currents of political tendency, there has been a search for some arbitrary set of values which might establish the basis for a pragmatic accommodation between the opposing republican and oligarchical tendencies.

This pragmatic quest has been shaped by the relative power of the one tendency relative to the other. Thus, the weaker faction has sought values advantageous to it which might be adopted by the stronger, and the stronger has sought out common values which might win the peaceful toleration of the weaker.

This pragmatic tendency, which jelled over the period from the inauguration of the oligarchic “New Age” radical, President Theodore Roosevelt, beyond the presidency of the Fabian-guided President Woodrow Wilson, has led in the direction of uprooting all authority of natural law, in favor of a drift into the formalism of Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics and Politics. This turning away from the principles of western European Judeo-Christian civilization, and its natural law, toward Roman law, is reflected in such influences as that of the Romanticism of Karl Savigny.

Thus, our national politics has veered away from all issues of substance, to mere issues of formality, as Nicomachean Ethics and Politics define such formalism.

Not only have we neglected all the leading issues of substance, excepting a waning concern for the substance of military capabilities. We have destroyed the substance of our civilization’s power whenever issues of substance came into conflict with pragmatic choices of arbitrary values. This sort of degeneration of our national political life, is the source of the strength of opinion supporting the cults of “Left,” “right,” and “center” in our national political life today.

The more the substance of policy conflicts with these pragmatic choices of arbitrary (ideological) values, the more distant the ideologue’s thinking and behavior separates itself from all matters of substance. So, we have the spectacle of my Democratic competitors of today: not the “Seven Dwarves,” but as Wasserman’s Boston Globe cartoon indicates, “The Seven Deadly Sins.” Thus, in the intelligence community, and related aspects of the policy-shaping establishment, issues of substance are pushed aside, for the sake of adopted perceptions of pragmatic agreements in matters of policy, methods, and procedures. Thus, the late William Casey turned the U.S. intelligence establishment into an amateur night’s performance, and so my policies ran afoul of that intelligence establishment’s wrath: I was not playing the game according to those rules, under whose guidance they have been destroying our nation, our civilization.

The problem is not that they were not capable of understanding the problem of non-linearity. The problem has been, that they did not wish to attempt to understand it, because the issue of non-linearity is a matter of the substance, rather than the ideology of politics.

We can beat Moscow’s game, as Moscow itself attests, by avowing me as the one individual it most fears among all others on this planet. We can beat that game by turning to the non-linear matters of substance, which Moscow’s own ideology prevents it from comprehending. That is my game, and will continue to be so. Natural law, rightly understood, is the great power of Creation we can tap for the cause of strategic victory; the problem is, to tap that power, we must renew our nation’s commitment to the practice of that natural law, and thus bring this disgusting age of mere ideology to an end.

EDITORIAL

The Fed Would Rather Reign in Hell, Than Serve the President

by Paul Gallagher

Nov. 19—The Federal Reserve has effectively announced that it is going to help pull the United States into the twin economic disasters called the Paris Climate Accord and the “Green New Deal,” after four years when fear of the chastisements of President Trump have held the Fed in neutral on this life-or-death matter.

The President pulled the United States out of that fatal Paris Accord, which was an agreement to sacrifice economies and human lives to “save the planet.” The Fed Board of Governors held back from considering “climate change” as a policy objective, while the British, European, and Japanese central banks combined to force “green investment only” on their companies and governments. The Fed avoided this because Trump consistently and forcefully put its actions before Congress and the American people, to whom the Federal Reserve should answer.

Now, rather than continue to respect the President—from whom a second term is being stolen by a “diseased” election—the Fed has decided it wants to join the other central banks in their global coup as it enters the “central bank digital currencies” phase. The Fed wants to reign in the Hell of a green financial dictatorship and a ruined economy, rather than serve the American republic.

This game was given away in a November 11 webinar sponsored by the European Central Bank (ECB), in which Federal Reserve chair Jerome Powell spoke along with ECB President Christine Lagarde and Deputy Governor Cunliffe of the Bank of England. Powell said, “Incorporating climate change into our thinking about financial regulation is relatively new. And we are very actively in the early stages of this, getting up to speed, working with our central bank colleagues.” On cue, two other Fed governors and a New York Fed official announced the same thing. And Powell announced the Fed was joining the Network for Greening the Financial System, the global central banks’ cabal aimed at suppressing all “carbon-based” industry investment. It was inspired by British royal fanatic Prince Charles, and formed in 2015 for big-bank enforcement of the Paris Climate Accord, by British central banker Mark Carney and Wall Street-London billionaire Mike Bloomberg.

Donald Trump’s constant healthy pressure has kept the Fed out of this green finance cabal until now. But note: This “Network” requires that its central bank members’ countries be in the Paris Climate Accord—so the Fed is signing up with Biden’s Wall Street backers who want to reverse President Trump’s industry-saving decision to get the United States out of it.

The Federal Reserve has printed $3.5 trillion in the past year exclusively to supply the speculations of the biggest Wall Street and London banks, helping balloon their already huge deposits and assets by another 15%, and at the same time watching happily as they withdraw credit from the economy. These monsters aren’t lending more than half their total deposits, let alone their capital and the reserves the Fed is pouring into them. They stiffed the Payroll Protection Program, leaving those loans to the 5,000 smaller regional and community banks which have only a third of the banking system’s assets.

This is criminal activity, and the Federal Reserve governors now want to cap it off by directing what investment there is, away from coal, oil, natural gas, petro-chemicals, the power industry, livestock ranchers, etc. and force it into stocks and bonds of “green” companies instead. This is what the European and British banks are already doing—dictating investments in a “green financial bubble,” putting “carbon penalties” on everything else.

And how much money do they want to print for this bubble? Prince Charles and British central banker Mark Carney say $100 trillion! ECB chief Lagarde is much more modest: She says $5 trillion over a decade will do it for Europe. Remember, Bernie Sanders said $16-25 trillion for his Green New Deal, and the Fed would print it.

They should be stopped: First, by mobilizing for President Trump to overturn the fraud against him; and, by demanding nationalization of the Federal Reserve, so it can be made to function as a “Hamiltonian” national bank and provide plentiful credit for new infrastructure and productive employment.